Mariana Felipe Silva1, Josilainne Marcelino Dias2, Laís Faganello Dela Bela3, Alexandre Roberto Marcondes Pelegrinelli4, Tarcísio Brandão Lima5, Rodrigo Gustavo da Silva Carvalho6, Marcelo Taglietti7, João Pedro Batista Júnior8, Ligia Maria Facci9, Joseph Gerard McVeigh10, Jefferson Rosa Cardoso11. 1. Laboratory of Biomechanics and Clinical Epidemiology, PAIFIT Research Group, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil. 2. Laboratory of Biomechanics and Clinical Epidemiology, PAIFIT Research Group, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil; Medicine School, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. 3. Laboratory of Biomechanics and Clinical Epidemiology, PAIFIT Research Group, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil; Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. 4. Laboratory of Biomechanics and Clinical Epidemiology, PAIFIT Research Group, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil; Laboratory of Applied Biomechanics, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PR, Brazil. 5. Private Practioner, Aracaju, SE, Brazil. 6. Laboratory of Biomechanics and Clinical Epidemiology, PAIFIT Research Group, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil; Colegiado de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil. 7. Laboratory of Biomechanics and Clinical Epidemiology, PAIFIT Research Group, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil; Faculdade Assis Gurgacz, Cascavel, PR, Brazil. 8. Laboratory of Biomechanics and Clinical Epidemiology, PAIFIT Research Group, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil; Geriatric Medicine - Medical Clinic VI - Uniklinik RWTH Aachen-Franziskus, Aachen, Germany. 9. Laboratory of Biomechanics and Clinical Epidemiology, PAIFIT Research Group, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil; "Paulo A. Seibert" Aquatic Physical Therapy Center, University Hospital, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil. 10. University College Cork, College of Medicine and Health, School of Clinical Therapies, Cork, Ireland. 11. Laboratory of Biomechanics and Clinical Epidemiology, PAIFIT Research Group, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil; "Paulo A. Seibert" Aquatic Physical Therapy Center, University Hospital, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil. Electronic address: jeffcar@uel.br.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Surface electromyography (sEMG) can provide information on muscle activation patterns during gait. OBJECTIVES: To characterize electromyographic activity during gait in shallow water and during deep-water running compare to on land and to review and analyse underwater surface-electromyographic (sEMG) procedures. SEARCH METHODS: Eight databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, WEB OF SCIENCE, SPORT Discus, CINAHL, SCOPUS, SCIELO, and LILACS) were searched from their inception to the December of 2019. SELECTION CRITERIA: The selected studies had to be related to electromyographic analysis of gait in an aquatic environment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The studies that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed by two independent reviewers and divided into four groups. RESULTS: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. Lower muscle activation was found with treadmill water walking compared to treadmill land walking. With deep-water running, the leg muscles (tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius lateralis) have lower muscle activation when compared to on land running, but the trunk and thigh muscles have higher activation. CONCLUSION: If gait is performed on an aquatic treadmill, the muscles assessed had lower muscle activation when compared to land. During deep-water running activities, lower activation of the distal leg muscles and a higher activation thigh muscles were found when compared to on land. Studies did not follow standard processes in sEMG procedures.
BACKGROUND: Surface electromyography (sEMG) can provide information on muscle activation patterns during gait. OBJECTIVES: To characterize electromyographic activity during gait in shallow water and during deep-water running compare to on land and to review and analyse underwater surface-electromyographic (sEMG) procedures. SEARCH METHODS: Eight databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, WEB OF SCIENCE, SPORT Discus, CINAHL, SCOPUS, SCIELO, and LILACS) were searched from their inception to the December of 2019. SELECTION CRITERIA: The selected studies had to be related to electromyographic analysis of gait in an aquatic environment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The studies that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed by two independent reviewers and divided into four groups. RESULTS: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. Lower muscle activation was found with treadmill water walking compared to treadmill land walking. With deep-water running, the leg muscles (tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius lateralis) have lower muscle activation when compared to on land running, but the trunk and thigh muscles have higher activation. CONCLUSION: If gait is performed on an aquatic treadmill, the muscles assessed had lower muscle activation when compared to land. During deep-water running activities, lower activation of the distal leg muscles and a higher activation thigh muscles were found when compared to on land. Studies did not follow standard processes in sEMG procedures.
Authors: Manny M Y Kwok; Billy C L So; Sophie Heywood; Matthew C Y Lai; Shamay S M Ng Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-08-01 Impact factor: 4.614