Miaomiao Xie1, Ning Dong1, Kaichao Chen1, Xuemei Yang1, Lianwei Ye1, Edward Wai-Chi Chan2, Rong Zhang3, Sheng Chen4. 1. Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong. 2. State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. 3. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China. Electronic address: zhang-rong@zju.edu.cn. 4. Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong; State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Electronic address: shechen@cityu.edu.hk.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) facilitates simultaneous dissemination of virulence and resistance in a single event, which poses serious threat to public health. METHODS: This study characterized the multidrug-resistant and moderately virulent ST11 K64 K. pneumoniae strain HB25-1 from a clinical case with microbiological and genomic approaches. Plasmids from strain HB25-1 were subjected to whole plasmid sequencing using both the Illumina NextSeq 500 sequencing platform and Nanopore MinION sequencer platforms. Klebsiella pneumoniae HB25-1 was subjected to a conjugation experiment and Galleria mellonella infection model to evaluate the transmission and virulence potential. RESULTS: We report the emergence of an ST11, serotype K64 K. pneumoniae isolate, which is resistant to third-generation cephalosporin and exhibited a moderate level of virulence. WGS revealed that this strain harboured a plasmid, pHB25-1, which carried multidrug resistance genes (blaDHA-1, qnrB4, dfrA12, aadA2, sul1, aac(3)-lld, blaTEM-1, mph(E)) and virulence-encoding genes (the regulator of mucoid phenotype A gene rmpA2 and the aerobactin gene cluster iutAiucABCD). Genomic analysis indicated that pHB25-1 was formed through co-integration of structural regions located in two different plasmids, enabling it to encode both resistance and virulent phenotypes. CONCLUSION: Findings in this study provide evidence of active plasmid evolution in K. pneumoniae and suggest that surveillance of multidrug-resistant and hypervirulent K. pneumoniae is urgently needed.
OBJECTIVE: The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) facilitates simultaneous dissemination of virulence and resistance in a single event, which poses serious threat to public health. METHODS: This study characterized the multidrug-resistant and moderately virulent ST11 K64 K. pneumoniae strain HB25-1 from a clinical case with microbiological and genomic approaches. Plasmids from strain HB25-1 were subjected to whole plasmid sequencing using both the Illumina NextSeq 500 sequencing platform and Nanopore MinION sequencer platforms. Klebsiella pneumoniae HB25-1 was subjected to a conjugation experiment and Galleria mellonella infection model to evaluate the transmission and virulence potential. RESULTS: We report the emergence of an ST11, serotype K64 K. pneumoniae isolate, which is resistant to third-generation cephalosporin and exhibited a moderate level of virulence. WGS revealed that this strain harboured a plasmid, pHB25-1, which carried multidrug resistance genes (blaDHA-1, qnrB4, dfrA12, aadA2, sul1, aac(3)-lld, blaTEM-1, mph(E)) and virulence-encoding genes (the regulator of mucoid phenotype A gene rmpA2 and the aerobactin gene cluster iutAiucABCD). Genomic analysis indicated that pHB25-1 was formed through co-integration of structural regions located in two different plasmids, enabling it to encode both resistance and virulent phenotypes. CONCLUSION: Findings in this study provide evidence of active plasmid evolution in K. pneumoniae and suggest that surveillance of multidrug-resistant and hypervirulent K. pneumoniae is urgently needed.
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