Kreete Lüll1,2, Riikka K Arffman3, Alberto Sola-Leyva4,5, Nerea M Molina4,5, Oliver Aasmets1,2, Karl-Heinz Herzig6,7, Julio Plaza-Díaz8,9, Stephen Franks10, Laure Morin-Papunen3, Juha S Tapanainen3,11, Andres Salumets12,13, Signe Altmäe4,5,12, Terhi T Piltonen3,14, Elin Org1. 1. Institute of Genomics, Estonian Genome Centre, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia. 2. Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia. 3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. 4. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. 5. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs GRANADA, Granada, Spain. 6. Research Unit of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. 7. Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland. 8. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. 9. Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada. 10. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. 11. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. 12. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia. 13. Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia. 14. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Endocrinology and IVF Unit, Oulu, University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Despite the gut microbiome being widely studied in metabolic diseases, its role in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been scarcely investigated. OBJECTIVE: Compare the gut microbiome in late fertile age women with and without PCOS and investigate whether changes in the gut microbiome correlate with PCOS-related metabolic parameters. DESIGN: Prospective, case-control study using the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. SETTING: General community. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 102 PCOS women and 201 age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched non-PCOS control women. Clinical and biochemical characteristics of the participants were assessed at ages 31 and 46 and analyzed in the context of gut microbiome data at the age of 46. INTERVENTION: (s): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Bacterial diversity, relative abundance, and correlations with PCOS-related metabolic measures. RESULTS: Bacterial diversity indices did not differ significantly between PCOS and controls (Shannon diversity P = .979, unweighted UniFrac P = .175). Four genera whose balance helps to differentiate between PCOS and non-PCOS were identified. In the whole cohort, the abundance of 2 genera from Clostridiales, Ruminococcaceae UCG-002, and Clostridiales Family XIII AD3011 group, were correlated with several PCOS-related markers. Prediabetic PCOS women had significantly lower alpha diversity (Shannon diversity P = .018) and markedly increased abundance of genus Dorea (false discovery rate = 0.03) compared with women with normal glucose tolerance. CONCLUSION: PCOS and non-PCOS women at late fertile age with similar BMI do not significantly differ in their gut microbial profiles. However, there are significant microbial changes in PCOS individuals depending on their metabolic health.
CONTEXT: Despite the gut microbiome being widely studied in metabolic diseases, its role in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been scarcely investigated. OBJECTIVE: Compare the gut microbiome in late fertile age women with and without PCOS and investigate whether changes in the gut microbiome correlate with PCOS-related metabolic parameters. DESIGN: Prospective, case-control study using the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. SETTING: General community. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 102 PCOS women and 201 age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched non-PCOS control women. Clinical and biochemical characteristics of the participants were assessed at ages 31 and 46 and analyzed in the context of gut microbiome data at the age of 46. INTERVENTION: (s): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Bacterial diversity, relative abundance, and correlations with PCOS-related metabolic measures. RESULTS: Bacterial diversity indices did not differ significantly between PCOS and controls (Shannon diversity P = .979, unweighted UniFrac P = .175). Four genera whose balance helps to differentiate between PCOS and non-PCOS were identified. In the whole cohort, the abundance of 2 genera from Clostridiales, Ruminococcaceae UCG-002, and Clostridiales Family XIII AD3011 group, were correlated with several PCOS-related markers. Prediabetic PCOS women had significantly lower alpha diversity (Shannon diversity P = .018) and markedly increased abundance of genus Dorea (false discovery rate = 0.03) compared with women with normal glucose tolerance. CONCLUSION: PCOS and non-PCOS women at late fertile age with similar BMI do not significantly differ in their gut microbial profiles. However, there are significant microbial changes in PCOS individuals depending on their metabolic health.
Authors: Saqib Hassan; Marika A Kaakinen; Harmen Draisma; Liudmila Zudina; Mohd A Ganie; Aafia Rashid; Zhanna Balkhiyarova; George S Kiran; Paris Vogazianos; Christos Shammas; Joseph Selvin; Athos Antoniades; Ayse Demirkan; Inga Prokopenko Journal: Genes (Basel) Date: 2022-02-18 Impact factor: 4.096