Neuro-ophthalmologic features of pituitary tumors.

The pituitary adenomas are one of the more common and prognostically favorable intracranial tumors. Because of their anatomic proximity to the anterior visual pathways, these tumors should be suspected in every patient with unexplained visual loss. The value of meticulous neuro-ophthalmic examination, especially formal perimetry, cannot be overemphasized. If findings point to optic nerve or chiasmal compression, appropriate radiologic studies should be undertaken without delay. Late diagnosis will often result in irreversible visual loss. The major cause of delay in diagnosis is frequently an inadequate examination. On the other hand, observation of recovery of vision after prompt diagnosis and treatment is a very gratifying experience in neuro-ophthalmology.