Clara Marincowitz1, Ingrid Webster2, Corli Westcott1, Nandu Goswami3, Patrick de Boever4, Gerald Seidel5, Hans Strijdom1. 1. Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. 2. Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. Email: iwebster@sun.ac.za. 3. Department of Physiology and Otto Loewi Research Centre, Medical University of Graz, Austria. 4. Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol; Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek; Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium. 5. Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
Abstract
AIM: Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and retinal vascular analysis (RVA) may assist in predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD) but are poorly characterised in South Africa. We recorded baseline FMD and retinal vascular widths in healthy participants, and investigated associations with cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: Endothelial function (measured with FMD), microvascular structure (evaluated via fundus image analysis) and major CVD risk factors were assessed in 66 participants from Cape Town. RESULTS: Median FMD% was 9.6%, with higher values in females. Mean retinal arteriolar and venular widths were ˜156 and ˜250 µm, respectively. FMD was not associated with CVD risk factors. Hypertension was associated with narrower retinal arterioles and venules. CONCLUSIONS: We report novel baseline FMD data in healthy South African adults from the Western Cape, and show that retinal microvascular calibres are associated with blood pressure. Our baseline FMD and RVA data could serve as a reference for future studies in South Africa.
AIM: Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and retinal vascular analysis (RVA) may assist in predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD) but are poorly characterised in South Africa. We recorded baseline FMD and retinal vascular widths in healthy participants, and investigated associations with cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: Endothelial function (measured with FMD), microvascular structure (evaluated via fundus image analysis) and major CVD risk factors were assessed in 66 participants from Cape Town. RESULTS: Median FMD% was 9.6%, with higher values in females. Mean retinal arteriolar and venular widths were ˜156 and ˜250 µm, respectively. FMD was not associated with CVD risk factors. Hypertension was associated with narrower retinal arterioles and venules. CONCLUSIONS: We report novel baseline FMD data in healthy South African adults from the Western Cape, and show that retinal microvascular calibres are associated with blood pressure. Our baseline FMD and RVA data could serve as a reference for future studies in South Africa.
Entities:
Keywords:
cardiovascular risk ; endothelial function ; flow‐mediated dilatation ; retinal imaging ; vascular health
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