Preparation of PbS NPs/RGO/NiO nanosheet arrays heterostructure: Function-switchable self-powered photoelectrochemical biosensor for H2O2 and glucose monitoring.

On the basis of synthesized PbS nanoparticles (PbS NPs)/reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/NiO nanosheet arrays (NiO NSAs) heterostructure, we constructed a function-switchable self-powered PEC sensing platform for the analysis of H2O2 and glucose. Ordered NiO NSAs have high electron mobility, modifying RGO onto the surfaces of NiO NSAs can connect the NiO NSAs with the PbS NPs and promoted the electron transfer rate between them, as well as enhance their photocurrent response. The PbS NPs/RGO/NiO NSAs heterostructure own excellent catalase-like activity can achieve H2O2 detection, only with one more step, after introducing glucose oxidase (GOD) onto the surface of PbS NPs/RGO/NiO NSAs heterostructure, we realized the detection conversion between H2O2 and glucose. Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited superior analytical performance toward H2O2 and glucose, a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.018 mM (S/N = 3) and 5.3 × 10-8 M (S/N = 3) were obtained, respectively. Moreover, good accuracy was obtained in the real samples analysis of H2O2 disinfectant and human serum samples.