Objectives: To systematically review the clinical literature reporting the use of Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) for the treatment of patients with Cornonavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) to assess the efficacy of LPV/r for the treatment of COVID-19. Methods: The authors systematically searched PubMed and MedRxiv databases for studies describing treatment of COVID-19 patients using LPV/r compared to other therapies. Articles were excluded if they were case reports, opinion editorials, preclinical studies, single-armed studies, not written in English, not relevant to the topic, or published before May 2020. The included outcomes were viral clearance as measured by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) negativity and/or improvement on chest computed tomography (CT), mortality, and adverse events. Results: Among 858 total studies, 16 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative review. These studies consisted of 3 randomized control trials, 3 open-label trials, and 10 observational studies. Most of these studies did not report positive clinical outcomes with LPV/r treatment. Conclusion: The systematic review revealed insufficient evidence of effectiveness and clinical benefit of LPV/r in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Specifically, LPV/r does not appear to improve clinical outcome, mortality, time to RT-PCR negativity, or chest CT clearance in patients with COVID-19.
Objectives: To systematically review the clinical literature reporting the use of Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) for the treatment of patients with Cornonavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) to assess the efficacy of LPV/r for the treatment of COVID-19. Methods: The authors systematically searched PubMed and MedRxiv databases for studies describing treatment of COVID-19patients using LPV/r compared to other therapies. Articles were excluded if they were case reports, opinion editorials, preclinical studies, single-armed studies, not written in English, not relevant to the topic, or published before May 2020. The included outcomes were viral clearance as measured by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) negativity and/or improvement on chest computed tomography (CT), mortality, and adverse events. Results: Among 858 total studies, 16 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative review. These studies consisted of 3 randomized control trials, 3 open-label trials, and 10 observational studies. Most of these studies did not report positive clinical outcomes with LPV/r treatment. Conclusion: The systematic review revealed insufficient evidence of effectiveness and clinical benefit of LPV/r in the treatment of COVID-19patients. Specifically, LPV/r does not appear to improve clinical outcome, mortality, time to RT-PCR negativity, or chest CT clearance in patients with COVID-19.
Authors: Augusto Di Castelnuovo; Simona Costanzo; Andrea Antinori; Nausicaa Berselli; Lorenzo Blandi; Marialaura Bonaccio; Raffaele Bruno; Roberto Cauda; Alessandro Gialluisi; Giovanni Guaraldi; Lorenzo Menicanti; Marco Mennuni; Ilaria My; Agostino Parruti; Giuseppe Patti; Stefano Perlini; Francesca Santilli; Carlo Signorelli; Giulio G Stefanini; Alessandra Vergori; Walter Ageno; Luca Aiello; Piergiuseppe Agostoni; Samir Al Moghazi; Rosa Arboretti; Filippo Aucella; Greta Barbieri; Martina Barchitta; Alessandro Bartoloni; Carolina Bologna; Paolo Bonfanti; Lucia Caiano; Laura Carrozzi; Antonio Cascio; Giacomo Castiglione; Mauro Chiarito; Arturo Ciccullo; Antonella Cingolani; Francesco Cipollone; Claudia Colomba; Crizia Colombo; Francesco Crosta; Giovanni Dalena; Chiara Dal Pra; Gian Battista Danzi; Damiano D'Ardes; Katleen de Gaetano Donati; Francesco Di Gennaro; Giuseppe Di Tano; Gianpiero D'Offizi; Tommaso Filippini; Francesco Maria Fusco; Carlo Gaudiosi; Ivan Gentile; Giancarlo Gini; Elvira Grandone; Gabriella Guarnieri; Gennaro L F Lamanna; Giovanni Larizza; Armando Leone; Veronica Lio; Angela Raffaella Losito; Gloria Maccagni; Stefano Maitan; Sandro Mancarella; Rosa Manuele; Massimo Mapelli; Riccardo Maragna; Lorenzo Marra; Giulio Maresca; Claudia Marotta; Franco Mastroianni; Maria Mazzitelli; Alessandro Mengozzi; Francesco Menichetti; Jovana Milic; Filippo Minutolo; Beatrice Molena; R Mussinelli; Cristina Mussini; Maria Musso; Anna Odone; Marco Olivieri; Emanuela Pasi; Annalisa Perroni; Francesco Petri; Biagio Pinchera; Carlo A Pivato; Venerino Poletti; Claudia Ravaglia; Marco Rossato; Marianna Rossi; Anna Sabena; Francesco Salinaro; Vincenzo Sangiovanni; Carlo Sanrocco; Laura Scorzolini; Raffaella Sgariglia; Paola Giustina Simeone; Michele Spinicci; Enrico Maria Trecarichi; Giovanni Veronesi; Roberto Vettor; Andrea Vianello; Marco Vinceti; Elena Visconti; Laura Vocciante; Raffaele De Caterina; Licia Iacoviello Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) Date: 2021-06-09