Siddharth Shah1, Siddharth Patel2, Shweta Paulraj3, Debanik Chaudhuri4. 1. Division of Cardiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse. Electronic address: drsshah22@gmail.com. 2. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham. 3. Department of Internal Medicine. 4. Division of Cardiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Marijuana is the most commonly used psychoactive drug, while its effects on cardiovascular health are not well known and remain a subject of interest. METHODS: We used the pooled 2016-2018 data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to perform a cross-sectional analysis evaluating the association of marijuana and cardiovascular disease among US adults who never smoked cigarettes. RESULTS: Among US adults ages 18-74 years, when compared with nonusers, frequent marijuana use was associated with 88% higher odds of myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-3.08), and 81% higher odds of stroke (aOR 1.81; 95% CI, 1.14-2.89). Among the premature cardiovascular disease group, frequent marijuana users had 2.3 times higher odds of myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease (aOR 2.27; 95% CI, 1.20-4.30), and 1.9 times higher odds of stroke (aOR 1.92; 95% CI, 1.07-3.43). In terms of the modality of marijuana use, frequent marijuana smoking had 2.1 times higher odds of myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease (aOR 2.07; 95% CI, 1.21-3.56), and 1.8 times higher odds of stroke (aOR 1.84; 95% CI, 1.09-3.10). A similar association was observed in the premature cardiovascular disease group who smoked marijuana (aOR [for myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease] 2.64; 95% CI, 1.37-5.09; aOR [for stroke] 2.00; 95% CI, 1.05-3.79). No association was observed between marijuana use in any form other than smoking and cardiovascular disease, across all age groups. CONCLUSION: Frequent marijuana smoking is associated with significantly higher odds of stroke and myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease, with a possible role in premature cardiovascular disease.
BACKGROUND:Marijuana is the most commonly used psychoactive drug, while its effects on cardiovascular health are not well known and remain a subject of interest. METHODS: We used the pooled 2016-2018 data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to perform a cross-sectional analysis evaluating the association of marijuana and cardiovascular disease among US adults who never smoked cigarettes. RESULTS: Among US adults ages 18-74 years, when compared with nonusers, frequent marijuana use was associated with 88% higher odds of myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-3.08), and 81% higher odds of stroke (aOR 1.81; 95% CI, 1.14-2.89). Among the premature cardiovascular disease group, frequent marijuana users had 2.3 times higher odds of myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease (aOR 2.27; 95% CI, 1.20-4.30), and 1.9 times higher odds of stroke (aOR 1.92; 95% CI, 1.07-3.43). In terms of the modality of marijuana use, frequent marijuana smoking had 2.1 times higher odds of myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease (aOR 2.07; 95% CI, 1.21-3.56), and 1.8 times higher odds of stroke (aOR 1.84; 95% CI, 1.09-3.10). A similar association was observed in the premature cardiovascular disease group who smoked marijuana (aOR [for myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease] 2.64; 95% CI, 1.37-5.09; aOR [for stroke] 2.00; 95% CI, 1.05-3.79). No association was observed between marijuana use in any form other than smoking and cardiovascular disease, across all age groups. CONCLUSION: Frequent marijuana smoking is associated with significantly higher odds of stroke and myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease, with a possible role in premature cardiovascular disease.
Authors: Balazs Aczel; Barnabas Szaszi; Gustav Nilsonne; Olmo R van den Akker; Casper J Albers; Marcel Alm van Assen; Jojanneke A Bastiaansen; Daniel Benjamin; Udo Boehm; Rotem Botvinik-Nezer; Laura F Bringmann; Niko A Busch; Emmanuel Caruyer; Andrea M Cataldo; Nelson Cowan; Andrew Delios; Noah Nn van Dongen; Chris Donkin; Johnny B van Doorn; Anna Dreber; Gilles Dutilh; Gary F Egan; Morton Ann Gernsbacher; Rink Hoekstra; Sabine Hoffmann; Felix Holzmeister; Juergen Huber; Magnus Johannesson; Kai J Jonas; Alexander T Kindel; Michael Kirchler; Yoram K Kunkels; D Stephen Lindsay; Jean-Francois Mangin; Dora Matzke; Marcus R Munafò; Ben R Newell; Brian A Nosek; Russell A Poldrack; Don van Ravenzwaaij; Jörg Rieskamp; Matthew J Salganik; Alexandra Sarafoglou; Tom Schonberg; Martin Schweinsberg; David Shanks; Raphael Silberzahn; Daniel J Simons; Barbara A Spellman; Samuel St-Jean; Jeffrey J Starns; Eric Luis Uhlmann; Jelte Wicherts; Eric-Jan Wagenmakers Journal: Elife Date: 2021-11-09 Impact factor: 8.140