Advances in understanding fungicide resistance in Botrytis cinerea in China.

Gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea, is a devastating disease causing significant yield losses in various economic plants. Fungicide application is one of the main strategies for management of gray mold; however, B. cinerea has developed resistance to various groups of fungicide. In China, benzimidazole-, dicarboximide-, and quinone outside inhibitor (QoI)-resistant populations of B. cinerea have become dominant. Substitute mutations in fungicide target genes are responsible for resistance in B. cinerea. Based on known resistance mechanisms, molecular methods including loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) have been developed for rapid detection of resistant isolates of B. cinerea. Since B. cinerea is able to quickly develop resistance to various fungicides, various integrated strategies have been developed, including biological and agricultural practices, to manage fungicide resistance in B. cinerea in the last decade.