Milena Nardocci1, Jane Y Polsky2, Jean-Claude Moubarac3,4. 1. TRANSNUT (WHO Collaborating Centre on Nutrition Changes and Development), Département de nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada. milena.nardocci.fusco@umontreal.ca. 2. MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. 3. TRANSNUT (WHO Collaborating Centre on Nutrition Changes and Development), Département de nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada. 4. Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique, Université de Montréal et CIUSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between consumption of ultra-processed foods and obesity, diabetes, hypertension and heart disease in a nationally representative sample of Canadian adults. METHODS: This study used cross-sectional data from 13,608 adults (aged 19+ years) from the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition. The survey provided data on food consumption (from 24-h recall) and prevalent obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and self-reported diabetes, hypertension and heart disease. All foods and drinks consumed were classified according to the extent and purpose of industrial processing using the NOVA classification. Ultra-processed food consumption was estimated as proportion of total daily energy intake. Multivariable logistic regression models assessed the association between ultra-processed food consumption and obesity, diabetes, hypertension and heart disease, adjusting for a range of socio-demographic and lifestyle factors. RESULTS: In 2015, ultra-processed food contributed, on average, to 24% of total daily energy intake in the lowest tertile of ultra-processed food consumption and 73% in the highest tertile. Compared with those in the lowest tertile, adults in the highest tertile of ultra-processed food consumption had 31% higher odds of obesity (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.06-1.60), 37% higher odds of diabetes (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.01-1.85) and 60% higher odds of hypertension (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.26-2.03), adjusting for a range of covariates. CONCLUSION: Higher consumption of ultra-processed foods is associated with higher prevalence of obesity, diabetes and hypertension among Canadian adults. A comprehensive set of strategies and policies is needed to discourage consumption of ultra-processed foods in Canada and to make unprocessed or minimally processed foods more affordable, available and appealing.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between consumption of ultra-processed foods and obesity, diabetes, hypertension and heart disease in a nationally representative sample of Canadian adults. METHODS: This study used cross-sectional data from 13,608 adults (aged 19+ years) from the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition. The survey provided data on food consumption (from 24-h recall) and prevalent obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and self-reported diabetes, hypertension and heart disease. All foods and drinks consumed were classified according to the extent and purpose of industrial processing using the NOVA classification. Ultra-processed food consumption was estimated as proportion of total daily energy intake. Multivariable logistic regression models assessed the association between ultra-processed food consumption and obesity, diabetes, hypertension and heart disease, adjusting for a range of socio-demographic and lifestyle factors. RESULTS: In 2015, ultra-processed food contributed, on average, to 24% of total daily energy intake in the lowest tertile of ultra-processed food consumption and 73% in the highest tertile. Compared with those in the lowest tertile, adults in the highest tertile of ultra-processed food consumption had 31% higher odds of obesity (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.06-1.60), 37% higher odds of diabetes (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.01-1.85) and 60% higher odds of hypertension (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.26-2.03), adjusting for a range of covariates. CONCLUSION: Higher consumption of ultra-processed foods is associated with higher prevalence of obesity, diabetes and hypertension among Canadian adults. A comprehensive set of strategies and policies is needed to discourage consumption of ultra-processed foods in Canada and to make unprocessed or minimally processed foods more affordable, available and appealing.
Authors: Sharon I Kirkpatrick; Tom Baranowski; Amy F Subar; Janet A Tooze; Edward A Frongillo Journal: J Acad Nutr Diet Date: 2019-09-11 Impact factor: 4.910
Authors: Francesco Branca; Anna Lartey; Stineke Oenema; Victor Aguayo; Gunhild A Stordalen; Ruth Richardson; Mario Arvelo; Ashkan Afshin Journal: BMJ Date: 2019-01-28
Authors: Maria Laura da Costa Louzada; Larissa Galastri Baraldi; Euridice Martinez Steele; Ana Paula Bortoletto Martins; Daniela Silva Canella; Jean-Claude Moubarac; Renata Bertazzi Levy; Geoffrey Cannon; Ashkan Afshin; Fumiaki Imamura; Dariush Mozaffarian; Carlos Augusto Monteiro Journal: Prev Med Date: 2015-07-29 Impact factor: 4.018