Apamin administration impact on miR-219 and miR-155-3p expression in cuprizone induced multiple sclerosis model.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic debilitating disease that attacks the central nervous system. This study aims to investigate miR-219 and miR-155-3p expression levels involved in the myelination process following the administration of apamin peptide in the model of multiple sclerosis disease. Forty-four 8 week C57BL/6 male mice (22 ± 5 g) randomly divided into six groups. Apamin (100 µg/kg/BW) was administered intraperitoneally as a co-treatment during phase I (demyelination) or post-treatment phase II (remyelination) twice a week in cuprizone induced MS model. At the end of study myelin content and microRNA expression levels were measured with LFB staining and quantitative Real-Time PCR method, respectively. It was observed that the intended microRNAs were dysregulated during the different phases of disease induction. After 6 weeks of cuprizone exposure, miR-219 downregulated in phase I in comparison with the negative control. On the other hand, the apamin co-treatment significantly inhibit the miR-155-3p upregulation during the phase I as compared with the cuprizone group (p < 0.0001). Apamin has more impact on the miR155-3p reduction in phase I than miR-219 elevation in phase II. It could be considered as a therapeutic option for decreasing plaque formation during the exacerbation phase of the MS disease. Apamin has more impact on the miR155-3p reduction in phase I than miR-219 elevation in phase II. It could be considered as a therapeutic option for decreasing plaque formation during the exacerbation phase of the MS disease.