Shuxue Pang1, Min Jia1, Jianxin Gao1, Xiaoyu Liu1, Wenhui Guo1, Hongyan Zhang2. 1. Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China. 2. Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China. Electronic address: zhanghongyan@sdnu.edu.cn.
Abstract
AIMS: Dietary phytochemicals and diet types (e.g., the Mediterranean diet) have been shown to have anti-cancer properties. However, the effects of combined treatment with dietary phytochemicals and different diet types on primary and metastatic tumor growth have yet to be investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of phytochemicals combined with diet types on breast cancer metastasis. MAIN METHODS: The inhibitory effects on breast cancer metastasis of three phytochemicals (allicin, hesperidin, astragalus polysaccharides) and two diet types (Mediterranean diet, restricted diet), separately or in combination, were evaluated based on: (i) detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) using an in vivo capture method; and (ii) primary tumor growth. KEY FINDINGS: All dietary factors significantly inhibited the growth of primary tumors and metastases, with combinations showing enhancing the effects. SIGNIFICANCE: Dietary phytochemicals and diet types should be further evaluated as adjunct therapies and lifestyle modifications in cancer patients. Furthermore, the in vivo CTC capture method allows dynamic monitoring of cancer metastasis over time, providing a useful approach to evaluating treatment effects in real-time.
AIMS: Dietary phytochemicals and diet types (e.g., the Mediterranean diet) have been shown to have anti-cancer properties. However, the effects of combined treatment with dietary phytochemicals and different diet types on primary and metastatic tumor growth have yet to be investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of phytochemicals combined with diet types on breast cancer metastasis. MAIN METHODS: The inhibitory effects on breast cancer metastasis of three phytochemicals (allicin, hesperidin, astragalus polysaccharides) and two diet types (Mediterranean diet, restricted diet), separately or in combination, were evaluated based on: (i) detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) using an in vivo capture method; and (ii) primary tumor growth. KEY FINDINGS: All dietary factors significantly inhibited the growth of primary tumors and metastases, with combinations showing enhancing the effects. SIGNIFICANCE: Dietary phytochemicals and diet types should be further evaluated as adjunct therapies and lifestyle modifications in cancerpatients. Furthermore, the in vivo CTC capture method allows dynamic monitoring of cancer metastasis over time, providing a useful approach to evaluating treatment effects in real-time.