Diogo Maleita1, Rita Serras-Pereira1, Inês Passos1, Maria Elisa-Luís1, Marta Alves2,3,4, Ana Luísa Papoila2,3,4, Cristina Brito1, João Paulo Cunha5,6, Joana Tavares Ferreira7,8,9,10,11. 1. Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal. 2. Departamento de Epidemiologia e Estatística, Centro de investigação do Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal. 3. NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. 4. Centro de Estatística e Aplicações da Universidade de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. 5. Departamento Oftalmologia, Hospital CUF Cascais, R. Fernão Lopes 60, 2750-663 Cobre, Cascais, Lisbon, Portugal. 6. Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. 7. Departamento Oftalmologia, Hospital CUF Cascais, R. Fernão Lopes 60, 2750-663 Cobre, Cascais, Lisbon, Portugal. joanaptf@gmail.com. 8. Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. joanaptf@gmail.com. 9. Departamento Oftalmologia, Hospital CUF Descobertas, Lisbon, Portugal. joanaptf@gmail.com. 10. Departamento Neuroftalmologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal. joanaptf@gmail.com. 11. Centro de Estudos das Ciências da Visão, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. joanaptf@gmail.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare all retinal layers' thickness in full-term and preterm children without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODS: Cross-sectional study including two groups of patients: group 1 children with history of preterm gestation without ROP (gestational age < 37 weeks) and group 2 healthy children with history of full-term gestation. All subjects underwent an ophthalmic examination including spectral domain-optical coherence tomography. After automatic retinal segmentation, each retinal layer thickness (eight separate layers and overall thickness) was calculated in all nine Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study areas. Demographic, systemic, gestational, and birth data were collected. Generalized additive regression models were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Fifty-one children (51 eyes) were recruited, 19 full-term and 32 preterm children, mean age at ophthalmic examination of 10.58 (4.21) and 14.13 (3.16), respectively. In multivariable analysis, the preterm group's retinal thickness was significantly decreased in total retina nasal outer sector, ganglion cell layer (GCL), and inner plexiform layer (IPL), specifically GCL temporal outer (p = 0.010), GCL superior outer (p = 0.009), IPL temporal outer (p = 0.022), and IPL superior outer (p = 0.004), when compared with full-term group. From the variables compared only with birth head circumference that influenced the models, a non-linear association was identified and consequently modeled with splines through a generalized additive model. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that preterm children without ROP have structural retinal alterations, mostly in GCL and IPL in outer areas of the macula. Therefore, it is crucial to question gestational history since these retinal changes may be found later in life leading to useless investigation.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare all retinal layers' thickness in full-term and preterm children without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODS: Cross-sectional study including two groups of patients: group 1 children with history of preterm gestation without ROP (gestational age < 37 weeks) and group 2 healthy children with history of full-term gestation. All subjects underwent an ophthalmic examination including spectral domain-optical coherence tomography. After automatic retinal segmentation, each retinal layer thickness (eight separate layers and overall thickness) was calculated in all nine Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study areas. Demographic, systemic, gestational, and birth data were collected. Generalized additive regression models were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Fifty-one children (51 eyes) were recruited, 19 full-term and 32 preterm children, mean age at ophthalmic examination of 10.58 (4.21) and 14.13 (3.16), respectively. In multivariable analysis, the preterm group's retinal thickness was significantly decreased in total retina nasal outer sector, ganglion cell layer (GCL), and inner plexiform layer (IPL), specifically GCL temporal outer (p = 0.010), GCL superior outer (p = 0.009), IPL temporal outer (p = 0.022), and IPL superior outer (p = 0.004), when compared with full-term group. From the variables compared only with birth head circumference that influenced the models, a non-linear association was identified and consequently modeled with splines through a generalized additive model. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that preterm children without ROP have structural retinal alterations, mostly in GCL and IPL in outer areas of the macula. Therefore, it is crucial to question gestational history since these retinal changes may be found later in life leading to useless investigation.
Authors: Achim Fieß; Johannes Janz; Alexander K Schuster; Ruth Kölb-Keerl; Markus Knuf; Bernd Kirchhof; Philipp S Muether; Jacqueline Bauer Journal: Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol Date: 2017-04-25 Impact factor: 3.117