Roberto Barcala-Furelos1, María Fernández-Méndez2, Francisco Cano-Noguera3, Martín Otero-Agra4, Ricardo Morán-Navarro3, Santiago Martínez-Isasi5. 1. Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, REMOSS Research Group, Universidade de Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain; CLINURSID Research Group, Nursing Department, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Santiago de Compostela's Health Research Institute (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Electronic address: roberto.barcala@uvigo.es. 2. CLINURSID Research Group, Nursing Department, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Santiago de Compostela's Health Research Institute (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; School of Nursing, REMOSS Research Group, Universidade de Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain. Electronic address: mariajosefernandezmendez@gmail.com. 3. Faculty of Sport, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain. 4. Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, REMOSS Research Group, Universidade de Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain. Electronic address: martinoteroagra@gmail.com. 5. CLINURSID Research Group, Nursing Department, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Santiago de Compostela's Health Research Institute (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Electronic address: smtzisasi@gmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Lifeguard teams carry out their work in extremely hot conditions in many parts of the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of high temperatures on physiological parameters during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). METHOD: A randomized quasi-experimental cross-over design was used to test physiological lifesaving demands (50 min acclimatization +10 min CPR) in two different thermal environments: Thermo-neutral environment (25 °C) vs Hyperthermic environment (37 °C). RESULTS: The data obtained from 21 lifeguards were included, this covers a total of 420 min of resuscitation. The CPR performance was constantly maintained during the 10 min. The Oxygen uptake (VO 2) ranged from 17 to 18 ml/min/kg for chest compressions (CC) and between 13 and 14 ml/min/kg for ventilations (V) at both 25 °C and 37 °C, with no significant difference between environments (p > 0.05). The percentage of maximum heart rate (%HR max) increased between 7% and 8% at 37 °C (p < 0.001), ranging between 75% and 82% of HR max. The loss of body fluids (LBF) was higher in the hyperthermic environment; LBF: (37 °C: 400 ± 187 g vs 25 °C: 148 ± 81 g, p < 0.001). Body temperature was 1 °C higher at the end of the test (p < 0.001). The perceived fatigue (RPE) increased by 37° an average of 2 points on a scale of 10 (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Extreme heat is not a limiting factor in CPR performance with two lifeguards. Metabolic consumption is sustained, with an increase in CC, so V can serve as active rest. Nevertheless, resuscitation at 37 °C results in a higher HR, is more exhausting and causes significant loss of fluids due to sweating.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: Lifeguard teams carry out their work in extremely hot conditions in many parts of the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of high temperatures on physiological parameters during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). METHOD: A randomized quasi-experimental cross-over design was used to test physiological lifesaving demands (50 min acclimatization +10 min CPR) in two different thermal environments: Thermo-neutral environment (25 °C) vs Hyperthermic environment (37 °C). RESULTS: The data obtained from 21 lifeguards were included, this covers a total of 420 min of resuscitation. The CPR performance was constantly maintained during the 10 min. The Oxygen uptake (VO 2) ranged from 17 to 18 ml/min/kg for chest compressions (CC) and between 13 and 14 ml/min/kg for ventilations (V) at both 25 °C and 37 °C, with no significant difference between environments (p > 0.05). The percentage of maximum heart rate (%HR max) increased between 7% and 8% at 37 °C (p < 0.001), ranging between 75% and 82% of HR max. The loss of body fluids (LBF) was higher in the hyperthermic environment; LBF: (37 °C: 400 ± 187 g vs 25 °C: 148 ± 81 g, p < 0.001). Body temperature was 1 °C higher at the end of the test (p < 0.001). The perceived fatigue (RPE) increased by 37° an average of 2 points on a scale of 10 (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Extreme heat is not a limiting factor in CPR performance with two lifeguards. Metabolic consumption is sustained, with an increase in CC, so V can serve as active rest. Nevertheless, resuscitation at 37 °C results in a higher HR, is more exhausting and causes significant loss of fluids due to sweating.
Authors: María Fernández-Méndez; Martín Otero-Agra; Felipe Fernández-Méndez; Santiago Martínez-Isasi; Myriam Santos-Folgar; Roberto Barcala-Furelos; Antonio Rodríguez-Núñez Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-07-02 Impact factor: 3.390