Bo Li1, Xin Peng2, He Li3, Fei Chen4, Yuxia Chen5, Yingqian Zhang1, Kai Le6. 1. Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. 2. Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China. 3. Department of Urology Surgery, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. 4. Department of Child Health Care, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. 5. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, and Rehabilitation Centre, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Yuzhong, China. 6. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The ubiquitously expressed nonhistone nuclear protein high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) has different functions related to posttranslational modifications and cellular localization. In the nucleus, HMGB1 modulates gene transcription, replication and DNA repair as well as determines chromosomal architecture. When the post-transcriptional modified HMGB1 is released into the extracellular space, it triggers several physiological and pathological responses and initiates innate immunity through interacting with its reciprocal receptors (i.e., TLR4/2 and RAGE). The effect of HMGB1-mediated inflammatory activation on different systems has received increasing attention. HMGB1 is now considered to be an alarmin and participates in multiple inflammation-related diseases. In addition, HMGB1 also affects the occurrence and progression of tumors. However, most studies involving HMGB1 have been focused on adults or mature animals. Due to differences in disease characteristics between children and adults, it is necessary to clarify the role of HMGB1 in pediatric diseases. METHODS AND RESULTS: Through systematic database retrieval, this review aimed to first elaborate the characteristics of HMGB1 under physiological and pathological conditions and then discuss the clinical significance of HMGB1 in the pediatric diseases according to different systems. CONCLUSIONS: HMGB1 plays an important role in a variety of pediatric diseases and may be used as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for new strategies for the prevention and treatment of pediatric diseases.
INTRODUCTION: The ubiquitously expressed nonhistone nuclear protein high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) has different functions related to posttranslational modifications and cellular localization. In the nucleus, HMGB1 modulates gene transcription, replication and DNA repair as well as determines chromosomal architecture. When the post-transcriptional modified HMGB1 is released into the extracellular space, it triggers several physiological and pathological responses and initiates innate immunity through interacting with its reciprocal receptors (i.e., TLR4/2 and RAGE). The effect of HMGB1-mediated inflammatory activation on different systems has received increasing attention. HMGB1 is now considered to be an alarmin and participates in multiple inflammation-related diseases. In addition, HMGB1 also affects the occurrence and progression of tumors. However, most studies involving HMGB1 have been focused on adults or mature animals. Due to differences in disease characteristics between children and adults, it is necessary to clarify the role of HMGB1in pediatric diseases. METHODS AND RESULTS: Through systematic database retrieval, this review aimed to first elaborate the characteristics of HMGB1 under physiological and pathological conditions and then discuss the clinical significance of HMGB1 in the pediatric diseases according to different systems. CONCLUSIONS:HMGB1 plays an important role in a variety of pediatric diseases and may be used as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for new strategies for the prevention and treatment of pediatric diseases.
Authors: Roberta Vitali; Gianluca Terrin; Francesca Palone; Ilaria Laudadio; Salvatore Cucchiara; Giovanni Boscarino; Maria Di Chiara; Laura Stronati Journal: Front Pediatr Date: 2021-06-10 Impact factor: 3.418