M Z Rahman1, M M Islam2, M E Hossain2, M M Rahman2, A Islam2, A Siddika2, M S S Hossain2, S Sultana4, A Islam2, M Rahman2, M Rahman2, J D Klena5, M S Flora4, P Daszak3, J H Epstein3, S P Luby6, E S Gurley7. 1. Infectious Diseases Division (IDD), icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. Electronic address: mzrahman@icddrb.org. 2. Infectious Diseases Division (IDD), icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. 3. EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, USA. 4. Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research, Bangladesh. 5. Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, Georgia, USA. 6. Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. 7. Infectious Diseases Division (IDD), icddr,b, 68, Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nipah virus (NiV) infection, often fatal in humans, is primarily transmitted in Bangladesh through the consumption of date palm sap contaminated by Pteropus bats. Person-to-person transmission is also common and increases the concern of large outbreaks. This study aimed to characterize the molecular epidemiology, phylogenetic relationship, and the evolution of the nucleocapsid gene (N gene) of NiV. METHODS: We conducted molecular detection, genetic characterization, and Bayesian time-scale evolution analyses of NiV using pooled Pteropid bat roost urine samples from an outbreak area in 2012 and archived RNA samples from NiV case patients identified during 2012-2018 in Bangladesh. RESULTS: NiV-RNA was detected in 19% (38/456) of bat roost urine samples and among them; nine N gene sequences were recovered. We also retrieved sequences from 53% (21 out of 39) of archived RNA samples from patients. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all Bangladeshi strains belonged to NiV-BD genotype and had an evolutionary rate of 4.64 × 10-4 substitutions/site/year. The analyses suggested that the strains of NiV-BD genotype diverged during 1995 and formed two sublineages. CONCLUSION: This analysis provides further evidence that the NiV strains of the Malaysian and Bangladesh genotypes diverged recently and continue to evolve. More extensive surveillance of NiV in bats and human will be helpful to explore strain diversity and virulence potential to infect humans through direct or person-to-person virus transmission.
BACKGROUND:Nipah virus (NiV) infection, often fatal in humans, is primarily transmitted in Bangladesh through the consumption of date palm sap contaminated by Pteropus bats. Person-to-person transmission is also common and increases the concern of large outbreaks. This study aimed to characterize the molecular epidemiology, phylogenetic relationship, and the evolution of the nucleocapsid gene (N gene) of NiV. METHODS: We conducted molecular detection, genetic characterization, and Bayesian time-scale evolution analyses of NiV using pooled Pteropid bat roost urine samples from an outbreak area in 2012 and archived RNA samples from NiV case patients identified during 2012-2018 in Bangladesh. RESULTS:NiV-RNA was detected in 19% (38/456) of bat roost urine samples and among them; nine N gene sequences were recovered. We also retrieved sequences from 53% (21 out of 39) of archived RNA samples from patients. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all Bangladeshi strains belonged to NiV-BD genotype and had an evolutionary rate of 4.64 × 10-4 substitutions/site/year. The analyses suggested that the strains of NiV-BD genotype diverged during 1995 and formed two sublineages. CONCLUSION: This analysis provides further evidence that the NiV strains of the Malaysian and Bangladesh genotypes diverged recently and continue to evolve. More extensive surveillance of NiV in bats and human will be helpful to explore strain diversity and virulence potential to infect humans through direct or person-to-person virus transmission.
Authors: Clifton D McKee; Ausraful Islam; Mohammed Ziaur Rahman; Salah Uddin Khan; Mahmudur Rahman; Syed M Satter; Ariful Islam; Claude Kwe Yinda; Jonathan H Epstein; Peter Daszak; Vincent J Munster; Peter J Hudson; Raina K Plowright; Stephen P Luby; Emily S Gurley Journal: Emerg Infect Dis Date: 2022-07 Impact factor: 16.126
Authors: Md Mahfuzur Rahman; Joynob Akter Puspo; Ahmed Ahsan Adib; Mohammad Enayet Hossain; Mohammad Mamun Alam; Sharmin Sultana; Ariful Islam; John D Klena; Joel M Montgomery; Syed M Satter; Tahmina Shirin; Mohammed Ziaur Rahman Journal: Int J Pept Res Ther Date: 2022-06-23 Impact factor: 2.191
Authors: Shahneaz Ali Khan; Mohammed Ashif Imtiaz; Md Mazharul Islam; Abu Zubayer Tanzin; Ariful Islam; Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan Journal: Vet Med Sci Date: 2022-05-10