Daniel T Dibaba1, Cheng Chen2, Liping Lu2, Aurelian Bidulescu3, Alyce D Fly4, Pengcheng Xun3, Suzanne E Judd5, Mary Cushman6, Ka Kahe7. 1. Tennessee Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Tennessee, USA. 2. Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA. 3. School of Public Health - Bloomington, Indiana University, Indiana, USA. 4. School of Public Health - Bloomington, Indiana University, Indiana, USA; Department of Nutrition and Health Science, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA. 5. School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA. 6. University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA. 7. Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA. Electronic address: kk3399@columbia.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the longitudinal association between magnesium (Mg) intake and the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS: Poisson regression models with robust standard error estimation were used to examine the association between total Mg intake and the risk of MetS in 6802 participants aged ≥45 years at baseline in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. Dietary data were collected using the modified Block 98 food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at baseline and incident MetS was diagnosed during follow-up if a participant had three or more of the five components of MetS based on the harmonized definition. RESULTS: A total of 1470 participants developed MetS during an average follow-up of 10 years. Comparing the highest quintile of total Mg intake (>437.9 mg/day) to the lowest group (<223.5 mg/day), total Mg intake had a significant inverse association with the risk of MetS [relative risk (RR) = 0.79 (0.63, 0.98), Ptrend = 0.043]. Dietary Mg intake was inversely associated with MetS [RR = 0.72 (0.56, 0.91), Ptrend = 0.006]. Adjusting for baseline components of MetS attenuated the associations, but the linear trends remained. CONCLUSION: The findings from this study indicate that dietary Mg intake was inversely associated with the risk of MetS. We recommend further studies to explain the underlying mechanisms of action.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the longitudinal association between magnesium (Mg) intake and the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS: Poisson regression models with robust standard error estimation were used to examine the association between total Mg intake and the risk of MetS in 6802 participants aged ≥45 years at baseline in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. Dietary data were collected using the modified Block 98 food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at baseline and incident MetS was diagnosed during follow-up if a participant had three or more of the five components of MetS based on the harmonized definition. RESULTS: A total of 1470 participants developed MetS during an average follow-up of 10 years. Comparing the highest quintile of total Mg intake (>437.9 mg/day) to the lowest group (<223.5 mg/day), total Mg intake had a significant inverse association with the risk of MetS [relative risk (RR) = 0.79 (0.63, 0.98), Ptrend = 0.043]. Dietary Mg intake was inversely associated with MetS [RR = 0.72 (0.56, 0.91), Ptrend = 0.006]. Adjusting for baseline components of MetS attenuated the associations, but the linear trends remained. CONCLUSION: The findings from this study indicate that dietary Mg intake was inversely associated with the risk of MetS. We recommend further studies to explain the underlying mechanisms of action.