Elisabet Alzueta1,2, Paul Perrin3, Fiona C Baker1,4, Sendy Caffarra5,6, Daniela Ramos-Usuga7,8, Dilara Yuksel1, Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla7,9,10. 1. Biosciences Division, Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, USA. 2. Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. 3. Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA. 4. Department of Physiology, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. 5. Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA. 6. Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain. 7. Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain. 8. Biomedical Research Doctorate Program, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain. 9. Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain. 10. Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent social restrictions or quarantines on the mental health of the global adult population. METHOD: A sample of 6,882 individuals (Mage = 42.30; 78.8% female) from 59 countries completed an online survey asking about several pandemic-related changes in life and psychological status. RESULTS: Of these participants, 25.4% and 19.5% reported moderate-to-severe depression (DASS-21) and anxiety symptoms (GAD-7), respectively. Demographic characteristics (e.g. higher-income country), COVID-19 exposure (e.g., having had unconfirmed COVID-19 symptoms), government-imposed quarantine level, and COVID-19-based life changes (e.g., having a hard time transitioning to working from home; increase in verbal arguments or conflict with other adult in home) explained 17.9% of the variance in depression and 21.5% in anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to posing a high risk to physical health, the COVID-19 pandemic has robustly affected global mental health, so it is essential to ensure that mental health services reach individuals showing pandemic-related depression and anxiety symptoms.
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent social restrictions or quarantines on the mental health of the global adult population. METHOD: A sample of 6,882 individuals (Mage = 42.30; 78.8% female) from 59 countries completed an online survey asking about several pandemic-related changes in life and psychological status. RESULTS: Of these participants, 25.4% and 19.5% reported moderate-to-severe depression (DASS-21) and anxiety symptoms (GAD-7), respectively. Demographic characteristics (e.g. higher-income country), COVID-19 exposure (e.g., having had unconfirmed COVID-19 symptoms), government-imposed quarantine level, and COVID-19-based life changes (e.g., having a hard time transitioning to working from home; increase in verbal arguments or conflict with other adult in home) explained 17.9% of the variance in depression and 21.5% in anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to posing a high risk to physical health, the COVID-19 pandemic has robustly affected global mental health, so it is essential to ensure that mental health services reach individuals showing pandemic-related depression and anxiety symptoms.
Authors: Elena M D Schönthaler; Nina Dalkner; Michaela Ratzenhofer; Eva Fleischmann; Frederike T Fellendorf; Susanne A Bengesser; Armin Birner; Alexander Maget; Melanie Lenger; Martina Platzer; Robert Queissner; Adelina Tmava-Berisha; Christina Berndt; Julia Martini; Michael Bauer; Jon Dyg Sperling; Maj Vinberg; Eva Z Reininghaus Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-06-22 Impact factor: 4.614
Authors: Mark E Feinberg; Jacqueline A Mogle; Jin-Kyung Lee; Samantha L Tornello; Michelle L Hostetler; Joseph A Cifelli; Sunhye Bai; Emily Hotez Journal: Fam Process Date: 2021-04-08