Sîan A Williams1,2, N Susan Stott2,3, Jane Valentine4,5, Catherine Elliott4,6, Siobhán L Reid7. 1. School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. 2. Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. 3. Starship Child Health, Auckland, New Zealand. 4. Kids Rehab WA, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. 5. School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. 6. School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. 7. School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the use of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methodologies to assess muscle morphology and architecture in children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD: A scoping review was conducted with systematic searches of Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and PsycInfo for all original articles published up to January 2019 utilizing ultrasound and/or MRI to determine morphological and architectural properties of lower limb skeletal muscle in children with CP. RESULTS: Eighty papers used ultrasound (n=44), three-dimensional ultrasound (n=16), or MRI (n=20) to measure at least one muscle parameter in children and adolescents with CP. Most research investigated single muscles, predominantly the medial gastrocnemius muscle, included children classified in Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I (n=62) and II (n=65), and assessed fascicle length (n=35) and/or muscle volume (n=35). Only 21 papers reported reliability of imaging techniques. Forty-six papers assessed measures of Impairment (n=39), Activity (n=24), and Participation (n=3). INTERPRETATION: Current research study design, variation in methodology, and preferences towards investigation of isolated muscles may oversimplify the complexities of CP muscle but provide a foundation for the understanding of the changes in muscle parameters in children with CP. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: Current evidence is biased towards the medial gastrocnemius muscle and more functionally able children with cerebral palsy (CP). Variations in imaging techniques and joint positioning limit comparisons between studies. Clinimetric testing of parameters of CP muscle is not always considered. Assessment of parameter(s) of muscle with measures of participation is sparse.
AIM: To investigate the use of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methodologies to assess muscle morphology and architecture in children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD: A scoping review was conducted with systematic searches of Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and PsycInfo for all original articles published up to January 2019 utilizing ultrasound and/or MRI to determine morphological and architectural properties of lower limb skeletal muscle in children with CP. RESULTS: Eighty papers used ultrasound (n=44), three-dimensional ultrasound (n=16), or MRI (n=20) to measure at least one muscle parameter in children and adolescents with CP. Most research investigated single muscles, predominantly the medial gastrocnemius muscle, included children classified in Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I (n=62) and II (n=65), and assessed fascicle length (n=35) and/or muscle volume (n=35). Only 21 papers reported reliability of imaging techniques. Forty-six papers assessed measures of Impairment (n=39), Activity (n=24), and Participation (n=3). INTERPRETATION: Current research study design, variation in methodology, and preferences towards investigation of isolated muscles may oversimplify the complexities of CP muscle but provide a foundation for the understanding of the changes in muscle parameters in children with CP. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: Current evidence is biased towards the medial gastrocnemius muscle and more functionally able children with cerebral palsy (CP). Variations in imaging techniques and joint positioning limit comparisons between studies. Clinimetric testing of parameters of CP muscle is not always considered. Assessment of parameter(s) of muscle with measures of participation is sparse.
Authors: Salim G Bin Ghouth; Sian A Williams; Siobhan L Reid; Thor F Besier; Geoffrey G Handsfield Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2022-05-11 Impact factor: 4.996
Authors: Matthew Bell; Ghaliya Al Masruri; Justin Fernandez; Sîan A Williams; Anne M Agur; Ngaire S Stott; Behzad Hajarizadeh; Ali Mirjalili Journal: J Anat Date: 2021-11-08 Impact factor: 2.610
Authors: Britta Hanssen; Nicky Peeters; Nathalie De Beukelaer; Astrid Vannerom; Leen Peeters; Guy Molenaers; Anja Van Campenhout; Ellen Deschepper; Christine Van den Broeck; Kaat Desloovere Journal: Front Physiol Date: 2022-10-04 Impact factor: 4.755