PURPOSE: Glucose and its analogs can be detected by CEST and chemical exchange spin-lock (CESL) MRI techniques, but sensitivity is still a bottleneck for human applications. Here, CESL and CEST sensitivity and the effect of injection on baseline physiology were evaluated for a glucose analog, xylose. METHODS: The CEST and CESL sensitivity were evaluated at 9.4 T in phantoms and by in vivo rat experiments with 0.5 and 1 g/kg xylose injections. Arterial blood glucose level was sampled before and after 1 g/kg xylose injection. The effect of injection on baseline neuronal activity was measured by electrophysiology data during injections of saline, xylose, and 2-deoxy-D-glucose. RESULTS: In phantoms, xylose shows similar chemical exchange sensitivity and pH-dependence with that of glucose. In rat experiments with a bolus injection, CESL shows higher sensitivity in the detection of xylose than CEST, and the sensitivity of xylose is much higher than glucose. Injection of xylose does not significantly affect blood glucose level and baseline neural activity for 1-g/kg and 0.6-g/kg doses, respectively. CONCLUSION: Due to its relatively high sensitivity and safety, xylose is a promising contrast agent for the study of glucose uptake.
PURPOSE:Glucose and its analogs can be detected by CEST and chemical exchange spin-lock (CESL) MRI techniques, but sensitivity is still a bottleneck for human applications. Here, CESL and CEST sensitivity and the effect of injection on baseline physiology were evaluated for a glucose analog, xylose. METHODS: The CEST and CESL sensitivity were evaluated at 9.4 T in phantoms and by in vivo rat experiments with 0.5 and 1 g/kg xylose injections. Arterial blood glucose level was sampled before and after 1 g/kg xylose injection. The effect of injection on baseline neuronal activity was measured by electrophysiology data during injections of saline, xylose, and 2-deoxy-D-glucose. RESULTS: In phantoms, xylose shows similar chemical exchange sensitivity and pH-dependence with that of glucose. In rat experiments with a bolus injection, CESL shows higher sensitivity in the detection of xylose than CEST, and the sensitivity of xylose is much higher than glucose. Injection of xylose does not significantly affect blood glucose level and baseline neural activity for 1-g/kg and 0.6-g/kg doses, respectively. CONCLUSION: Due to its relatively high sensitivity and safety, xylose is a promising contrast agent for the study of glucose uptake.
Authors: Patrick Schuenke; Christina Koehler; Andreas Korzowski; Johannes Windschuh; Peter Bachert; Mark E Ladd; Sibu Mundiyanapurath; Daniel Paech; Sebastian Bickelhaupt; David Bonekamp; Heinz-Peter Schlemmer; Alexander Radbruch; Moritz Zaiss Journal: Magn Reson Med Date: 2016-08-13 Impact factor: 4.668
Authors: Yuguo Li; Yuan Qiao; Hanwei Chen; Renyuan Bai; Verena Staedtke; Zheng Han; Jiadi Xu; Kannie W Y Chan; Nirbhay Yadav; Jeff W M Bulte; Shibin Zhou; Peter C M van Zijl; Guanshu Liu Journal: Magn Reson Med Date: 2017-11-28 Impact factor: 4.668
Authors: Patrick Schuenke; Daniel Paech; Christina Koehler; Johannes Windschuh; Peter Bachert; Mark E Ladd; Heinz-Peter Schlemmer; Alexander Radbruch; Moritz Zaiss Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2017-02-07 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: Tongzhi Wu; Michelle J Bound; Beiyi R Zhao; Scott D Standfield; Max Bellon; Karen L Jones; Michael Horowitz; Christopher K Rayner Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2013-01-28 Impact factor: 19.112