Abdol Resoul Mojahedi1, Reza Safari1, Masood Yarian2, Abbas Pakari1, Ahmad Raeisi2,3, Hamideh Edalat2, Mojgan Beniardelan2, Abbas Poudat2, Morteza Zaim2,4, Hamid Reza Basseri2. 1. Hormozgan County Health Center, Deputy of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Islamic Republic of Iran. 2. Department of Medical Entomology & Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. 3. Center for Disease Control, Malaria Control Section, Ministry of Health and Education, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. 4. Affiliated professor of School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Blood feeding and resting behaviour of malaria vectors are the most influential factors in malaria transmission. AIMS: To measure blood feeding and resting behaviour, conventional mosquito sampling methods were performed in an area with potential for malaria transmission. METHODS: Adult mosquitoes were collected monthly from indoor/outdoor places by conventional sampling methods, and larval habitats were investigated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the human blood index (HBI) of the mosquitoes. RESULTS: Anopheles stephensi, Anopheles culicifacies, Anopheles dthali and Anopheles fluviatilis, were collected. Overall, 1249 female Anopheles mosquitoes were captured on human and animal baits, but no human-vector contact occurred indoors. A. dthali, A. fluviatilis and A. culicifacies showed a greater tendency to outdoor resting places in contrast to A. stephensi, which had a propensity to indoor resting places. The seasonal biting activities of all species occurred at average temperatures between 23 and 27°C. HBI was measured as 27.2%, 20.7%, 19.1%, and 23.0% for A. fluviatilis, A. stephensi, A. culicifacies and A. dthali, respectively. CONCLUSION: Vector control strategy depends upon mosquito behaviour. Therefore, using appropriate sampling methods based on mosquito behaviour is critical for malaria control planning. Exophilic/exophagic habit of mosquito vectors leads to fewer human bites, resulting in biting protection. Exophilic behaviour also requires specific larvicidal operations in order to prevent and control malaria transmission.
BACKGROUND: Blood feeding and resting behaviour of malaria vectors are the most influential factors in malaria transmission. AIMS: To measure blood feeding and resting behaviour, conventional mosquito sampling methods were performed in an area with potential for malaria transmission. METHODS: Adult mosquitoes were collected monthly from indoor/outdoor places by conventional sampling methods, and larval habitats were investigated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the human blood index (HBI) of the mosquitoes. RESULTS: Anopheles stephensi, Anopheles culicifacies, Anopheles dthali and Anopheles fluviatilis, were collected. Overall, 1249 female Anopheles mosquitoes were captured on human and animal baits, but no human-vector contact occurred indoors. A. dthali, A. fluviatilis and A. culicifacies showed a greater tendency to outdoor resting places in contrast to A. stephensi, which had a propensity to indoor resting places. The seasonal biting activities of all species occurred at average temperatures between 23 and 27°C. HBI was measured as 27.2%, 20.7%, 19.1%, and 23.0% for A. fluviatilis, A. stephensi, A. culicifacies and A. dthali, respectively. CONCLUSION: Vector control strategy depends upon mosquito behaviour. Therefore, using appropriate sampling methods based on mosquito behaviour is critical for malaria control planning. Exophilic/exophagic habit of mosquito vectors leads to fewer human bites, resulting in biting protection. Exophilic behaviour also requires specific larvicidal operations in order to prevent and control malaria transmission.
Authors: Arran Hamlet; Dereje Dengela; J Eric Tongren; Fitsum G Tadesse; Teun Bousema; Marianne Sinka; Aklilu Seyoum; Seth R Irish; Jennifer S Armistead; Thomas Churcher Journal: BMC Med Date: 2022-04-20 Impact factor: 11.150
Authors: Pilate N Kwi; Elvis E Ewane; Marcel N Moyeh; Livinus N Tangi; Vincent N Ntui; Francis Zeukeng; Denis D Sofeu-Feugaing; Eric A Achidi; Fidelis Cho-Ngwa; Alfred Amambua-Ngwa; Jude D Bigoga; Tobias O Apinjoh Journal: Parasit Vectors Date: 2022-09-28 Impact factor: 4.047