Laboratory detection of cannabinoids.

Cannabis, or marijuana, has been known and used as a drug for many thousands of years. Recent interest in drug abuse and detection has spurred the development of several methodologies for cannabinoid detection. These methods include immunoassays and chromatography. Laboratories routinely performing cannabinoid testing use two or more methodologies; the accepted method is to screen with one methodology and confirm by a second. These methodologies vary widely in sensitivity, specificity, and time required for analysis. Although therapeutic applications of cannabis constituents often produce undesirable side effects, two cannabinoids, delta 9-THC and nabilone, have been approved for use as antiemetics in chemotherapy. Further investigations of cannabinoid pharmacology and structure-activity relationships may result in the development of promising new therapeutic agents.