Polyphenol-Based Nanomedicine Evokes Immune Activation for Combination Cancer Treatment.

Engineering multifunctional nanoplatforms with high therapeutic benefits has become a promising strategy for intractable cancer treatment. A novel polyphenol-based nanocomplex was designed to evoke highly efficacious cancer immunosurveillance while localizing therapy on the primary tumor and to minimize systemic side effects. This nanocomplex is prepared via metal-polyphenol coordination by encapsulating a natural polyphenol, gossypol, and a newly synthesized polyphenol derivative, polyethylene glycol-Chlorin e6 (Ce6). The combination of gossypol from cotton and the photosensitizer Ce6 can induce chemotherapeutic/photodynamic immunogenic cancer cell death upon laser irradiation, which is supported by a rich maturation of dendritic cells, concentrated secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and significant inhibition of distant untreated tumors. Finally, an assistance of the programmed-cell-death ligand-1 checkpoint-blockade immunotherapy can enhance the anti-tumor immune stimulation of our nanoplatform to a higher level.