Mohammad Ebrahimi Kalan1, Raed Bahelah2, Zoran Bursac3, Ziyad Ben Taleb4, Joseph R DiFranza5, Malak Tleis6, Rima Nakkash6, Rime Jebai7, Mohammad Masudul Alam8, Miguel Ángel Cano7, Matthew T Sutherland9, Kristopher Fenni10, Taghrid Asfar11, Thomas Eissenberg12, Kenneth D Ward13, Wasim Maziak14. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8thSt AHC5, 4thFloor, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. Electronic address: mebra006@fiu.edu. 2. School of Health Sciences, Baldwin Wallace University, Kamm Hall, 191 E Center St, Berea, OH 44017, USA. 3. Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St AHC5, 4th Floor, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. 4. Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, 411 S. Nedderman Drive Box 19407, Arlington, Texas 76019-0407, USA. 5. Reliant Medical Group, 225 New Lancaster Rd, Leominster, MA 01453, USA. 6. Health Promotion and Community Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street. P.O. Box 11-0236. Beirut, Lebanon. 7. Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8thSt AHC5, 4thFloor, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. 8. Center for the Study of Tobacco, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA. 9. Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11101 S.W. 13 ST., Miami, FL 33199, USA. 10. Division of Natural Sciences, New College of Florida, 5800 Bay Shore Road Sarasota, FL 34243, FL, USA. 11. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 120 NW 14th Street, CRB 919, Miami, FL 3313, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1475 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Tishreen Street, SheehanAleppo, P.O.Box: 16542, Syria. 12. Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Tishreen Street, SheehanAleppo, P.O.Box: 16542, Syria; Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 100 W. Franklin St. Suite 200, Richmond, VA 23220, USA. 13. Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Tishreen Street, SheehanAleppo, P.O.Box: 16542, Syria; School of Public Health, University of Memphis, 3720 Alumni Ave, Memphis, TN 38152, USA. 14. Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8thSt AHC5, 4thFloor, Miami, FL, 33199, USA; Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Tishreen Street, SheehanAleppo, P.O.Box: 16542, Syria.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Identifying the factors associated with nicotine dependence (ND) is essential to prevent initiation and continued use, and to promote cessation among youth. This study aims to document the predictors of the appearance of initial ND symptoms and full ND syndrome among adolescent waterpipe (WP) and cigarette smokers. METHODS: A 6-year longitudinal study was conducted among 8th and 9th graders from 38 schools in Lebanon. The analysis sample included exclusive-WP (n = 228) and exclusive-cigarette smokers (n = 139). Weighted Cox proportional hazards models were used to characterizing predictors of initial ND symptoms and full ND syndrome. RESULTS: Predictors of experiencing initial ND symptoms among WP smokers included low maternal educational level, having a sibling who smoked WP, low physical activity, high body mass index (BMI), smoking initiation at a younger age. For cigarette smokers these were being male, younger, having lower BMI, having a sibling who smoked cigarettes, living in a crowded household, and smoking daily. Among WP smokers, predictors of developing full ND syndrome include being younger, believing that WP smokers have more friends, depression, high levels of impulsivity, and initiating smoking at a younger age. For cigarette smokers, predictors of full ND syndrome were being younger and initiating smoking at a younger age. CONCLUSION: Smoking cessation and prevention interventions targeting youth should address modifiable, and tobacco use-specific factors that influence the development of ND among young WP and cigarette smokers. They also need to start at a younger age to target those most vulnerable to developing life-long addiction to tobacco products.
OBJECTIVE: Identifying the factors associated with nicotine dependence (ND) is essential to prevent initiation and continued use, and to promote cessation among youth. This study aims to document the predictors of the appearance of initial ND symptoms and full ND syndrome among adolescent waterpipe (WP) and cigarette smokers. METHODS: A 6-year longitudinal study was conducted among 8th and 9th graders from 38 schools in Lebanon. The analysis sample included exclusive-WP (n = 228) and exclusive-cigarette smokers (n = 139). Weighted Cox proportional hazards models were used to characterizing predictors of initial ND symptoms and full ND syndrome. RESULTS: Predictors of experiencing initial ND symptoms among WP smokers included low maternal educational level, having a sibling who smoked WP, low physical activity, high body mass index (BMI), smoking initiation at a younger age. For cigarette smokers these were being male, younger, having lower BMI, having a sibling who smoked cigarettes, living in a crowded household, and smoking daily. Among WP smokers, predictors of developing full ND syndrome include being younger, believing that WP smokers have more friends, depression, high levels of impulsivity, and initiating smoking at a younger age. For cigarette smokers, predictors of full ND syndrome were being younger and initiating smoking at a younger age. CONCLUSION: Smoking cessation and prevention interventions targeting youth should address modifiable, and tobacco use-specific factors that influence the development of ND among young WP and cigarette smokers. They also need to start at a younger age to target those most vulnerable to developing life-long addiction to tobacco products.
Authors: Joseph R DiFranza; Judith A Savageau; Kenneth Fletcher; Judith K Ockene; Nancy A Rigotti; Ann D McNeill; Mardia Coleman; Constance Wood Journal: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med Date: 2002-04
Authors: Simoni Urbano da Silva; Vivian Siqueira Santos Gonçalves; Laura Augusta Barufaldi; Kenia Mara Baiocchi de Carvalho Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2022-10-04 Impact factor: 4.135