Loredana Cena1, Fiorino Mirabella2, Gabriella Palumbo2, Antonella Gigantesco2, Alice Trainini3, Alberto Stefana3. 1. Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Section of Neuroscience, Observatory of Perinatal Clinical Psychology, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11 - 25123 Brescia, Italy.. Electronic address: loredana.cena@unibs.it. 2. Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299 - 00161 Rome, Italy. 3. Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Section of Neuroscience, Observatory of Perinatal Clinical Psychology, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11 - 25123 Brescia, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Perinatal depression is a widespread and burdensome mental disorder. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of both antenatal and postnatal depression in a large sample of women in Italy and to analyse their association with sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors. METHODS: Cross-sectional data from eleven healthcare centres located throughout Italy (2017-2018) were analysed (n = 1471). Depressive disorder was assessed with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors were also measured. Prevalences by perinatal period and by sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors were estimated, and their associations were evaluated using logistic regression models. All analyses were stratified by perinatal period: antenatal (i.e., from conception to delivery) vs. postnatal (i.e., the nine months after delivery). RESULTS: With a cut-off score set at 12 points, the prevalence of perinatal depression was 6.4% during pregnancy and 19.9% in the postnatal period, and the odds ratio for postpartum vs. antepartum depression was 3.65 (2.56-5.39). High economic status was associated with an approximate fivefold reduction in odds of depression in the antenatal period (ORa: 0.23, 95%CI: 0.10-0.54) and about a sixfold reduction in the postnatal period (ORa: 0.15, 95%CI: 0.05-0.45). LIMITATIONS: The data were cross-sectional. The EPDS has a sensitivity of 55.6%. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of perinatal depression in Italy is strongly associated with socioeconomic disadvantages. Early procedures to evaluate socioeconomic status and the provision of economical support for mothers might reduce the prevalence of perinatal depression and its direct and indirect costs.
BACKGROUND: Perinatal depression is a widespread and burdensome mental disorder. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of both antenatal and postnatal depression in a large sample of women in Italy and to analyse their association with sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors. METHODS: Cross-sectional data from eleven healthcare centres located throughout Italy (2017-2018) were analysed (n = 1471). Depressive disorder was assessed with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors were also measured. Prevalences by perinatal period and by sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors were estimated, and their associations were evaluated using logistic regression models. All analyses were stratified by perinatal period: antenatal (i.e., from conception to delivery) vs. postnatal (i.e., the nine months after delivery). RESULTS: With a cut-off score set at 12 points, the prevalence of perinatal depression was 6.4% during pregnancy and 19.9% in the postnatal period, and the odds ratio for postpartum vs. antepartum depression was 3.65 (2.56-5.39). High economic status was associated with an approximate fivefold reduction in odds of depression in the antenatal period (ORa: 0.23, 95%CI: 0.10-0.54) and about a sixfold reduction in the postnatal period (ORa: 0.15, 95%CI: 0.05-0.45). LIMITATIONS: The data were cross-sectional. The EPDS has a sensitivity of 55.6%. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of perinatal depression in Italy is strongly associated with socioeconomic disadvantages. Early procedures to evaluate socioeconomic status and the provision of economical support for mothers might reduce the prevalence of perinatal depression and its direct and indirect costs.
Authors: Loredana Cena; Paolo Biban; Jessica Janos; Manuela Lavelli; Joshua Langfus; Angelina Tsai; Eric A Youngstrom; Alberto Stefana Journal: Front Psychol Date: 2021-02-24
Authors: Sarah Kittel-Schneider; Petra Davidova; Miriam Kalok; Corina Essel; Fadia Ben Ahmed; Yasmina Kingeter; Maria Matentzoglu; Anna Linda Leutritz; Katharina Kersken; Carolin Koreny; Heike Weber; Leonie Kollert; Rhiannon V McNeill; Andreas Reif; Franz Bahlmann; Patricia Trautmann-Villalba Journal: Arch Womens Ment Health Date: 2022-01-06 Impact factor: 3.633
Authors: Regina L Triplett; Rachel E Lean; Amisha Parikh; J Philip Miller; Dimitrios Alexopoulos; Sydney Kaplan; Dominique Meyer; Christopher Adamson; Tara A Smyser; Cynthia E Rogers; Deanna M Barch; Barbara Warner; Joan L Luby; Christopher D Smyser Journal: JAMA Netw Open Date: 2022-04-01