Zack van Allen1,2, Maman Joyce Dogba3,4, Michael H Brent5, Catherine Bach3, Jeremy M Grimshaw1,6, Noah M Ivers7,8, Xiaoqin Wang1,9, Nicola McCleary1,10, Sarah Asad1, Zahraa Chorghay11, Hina Hakim3,4, Olivera Sutakovic5, Olivia Drescher3, France Légaré3,4, Holly O Witteman3,4, Mary Zettl3, Janet Squires1,12, Marie-Claude Tremblay3,4, Arshad Randhawa13, Gladys Lopez13, Afifa Ben Guiza13, Justin Presseau1,2,10. 1. Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada. 2. School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. 3. Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada. 4. Centre for Research on Primary Care and Services, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada. 5. Donald K Johnson Eye Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada. 6. Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. 7. Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Canada. 8. Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. 9. Evidence-based Medicine Centre, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China. 10. School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. 11. Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. 12. School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. 13. Diabetes Action Canada, Ottawa, Canada.
Abstract
AIM: To identify barriers to/enablers of attendance at eye screening among three groups of immigrantsto Canada from cultural/linguistic minority groups living with diabetes. METHODS: Using a patient-oriented research approach leveraging Diabetes Action Canada's patient engagement platform, we interviewed a purposeful sample of people with type 2 diabetes who had immigrated to Canada from: Pakistan (interviews in Urdu), China (interviews in Mandarin) and French-speaking African and Caribbean nations (interviews in French). We collected and analysed data based on the Theoretical Domains Framework covering key modifiable factors that may operate as barriers to or enablers of attending eye screening. We used directed content analysis to code barrier/enabler domains. Barriers/enablers were mapped to behaviour change techniques to inform future intervention development. RESULTS: We interviewed 39 people (13 per group). Many barriers/enablers were consistent across groups, including views about harms caused by screening itself, practical appointment issues including forgetting, screening costs, wait times and making/getting to an appointment, lack of awareness about retinopathy screening, language barriers, and family and clinical support. Group-specific barriers/enablers included a preference to return to one's country of birth for screening, the impact of winter, and preferences for alternative medicine. CONCLUSION: Our results can inform linguistic and culturally competent interventions to support immigrants living with diabetes in attending eye screening to prevent avoidable blindness.
AIM: To identify barriers to/enablers of attendance at eye screening among three groups of immigrantsto Canada from cultural/linguistic minority groups living with diabetes. METHODS: Using a patient-oriented research approach leveraging Diabetes Action Canada's patient engagement platform, we interviewed a purposeful sample of people with type 2 diabetes who had immigrated to Canada from: Pakistan (interviews in Urdu), China (interviews in Mandarin) and French-speaking African and Caribbean nations (interviews in French). We collected and analysed data based on the Theoretical Domains Framework covering key modifiable factors that may operate as barriers to or enablers of attending eye screening. We used directed content analysis to code barrier/enabler domains. Barriers/enablers were mapped to behaviour change techniques to inform future intervention development. RESULTS: We interviewed 39 people (13 per group). Many barriers/enablers were consistent across groups, including views about harms caused by screening itself, practical appointment issues including forgetting, screening costs, wait times and making/getting to an appointment, lack of awareness about retinopathy screening, language barriers, and family and clinical support. Group-specific barriers/enablers included a preference to return to one's country of birth for screening, the impact of winter, and preferences for alternative medicine. CONCLUSION: Our results can inform linguistic and culturally competent interventions to support immigrants living with diabetes in attending eye screening to prevent avoidable blindness.
Authors: Louise Prothero; Fabianna Lorencatto; Martin Cartwright; Jennifer M Burr; Philip Gardner; John Anderson; Justin Presseau; Noah Ivers; Jeremy M Grimshaw; John G Lawrenson Journal: BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care Date: 2021-11
Authors: Louise Prothero; John G Lawrenson; Martin Cartwright; Roxanne Crosby-Nwaobi; Jennifer M Burr; Philip Gardner; John Anderson; Justin Presseau; Noah Ivers; Jeremy M Grimshaw; Fabiana Lorencatto Journal: Diabet Med Date: 2021-12-29 Impact factor: 4.213