Youngbae Kim1, Seon-Ho Kim2, Song-Jin Oh1, Hyeon-Seong Lee1, Moongi Ji1, Subin Choi3, Sang-Suk Lee4, Man-Jeong Paik5. 1. College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-950, Republic of Korea. 2. Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Korea. 3. Laboratories of Marine New Drugs, Redone Tech, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 4. Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Korea. rumen@sunchon.ac.kr. 5. College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-950, Republic of Korea. paik815@sunchon.ac.kr.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Ketoacidosis of metabolic disease showed in beef cattle although body weight was increased by high-grain diets (HGDs). However, few studies have examined for health status related with metabolic disease of ketoacidosis following high-protein diet (HPD). OBJECTIVES: Metabolomic analysis was performed for the monitoring of health status associated with metabolic disease of ketoacidosis in the plasma of Hanwoo heifers following a HPD. METHODS: Hanwoo heifers of 24 months with 459 ± 42 kg weight were used under a 2 × 2 crossover design. The plasma was collected from control (n = 5) and HPD group (n = 5) on day 21 following diet adaptation for 20 days. Metabolic profiling analysis of organic acids (OAs), amino acids (AAs) and fatty acids (FAs) by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry combined with star pattern analysis was performed in plasma. Levels of OAs, AAs and FAs were evaluated by Mann-Whitney test, PCA and PLS-DA. RESULTS: In HPD group, ketoacidosis as metabolic disease was monitored by elevated acetoacetic acid and 3-hydroxybutyric acid. In addition, the elevation of ketogenic AAs, reduction of medium chain FAs and OAs with energy metabolism in TCA cycle were monitored in HPD group. Star graphic pattern was characteristic and readily distinguished between control and HPD groups. In PLS-DA, two groups were separated with VIP score of top-ranked 10 FAs as important metabolites for discrimination. CONCLUSION: Elevation of ketone body including ketogenic AAs and reduced energy metabolism of FAs and OAs may useful for evaluation of health states associated with ketoacidosis from metabolic event by HPD in beef cattle.
INTRODUCTION:Ketoacidosis of metabolic disease showed in beef cattle although body weight was increased by high-grain diets (HGDs). However, few studies have examined for health status related with metabolic disease of ketoacidosis following high-protein diet (HPD). OBJECTIVES: Metabolomic analysis was performed for the monitoring of health status associated with metabolic disease of ketoacidosis in the plasma of Hanwoo heifers following a HPD. METHODS: Hanwoo heifers of 24 months with 459 ± 42 kg weight were used under a 2 × 2 crossover design. The plasma was collected from control (n = 5) and HPD group (n = 5) on day 21 following diet adaptation for 20 days. Metabolic profiling analysis of organic acids (OAs), amino acids (AAs) and fatty acids (FAs) by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry combined with star pattern analysis was performed in plasma. Levels of OAs, AAs and FAs were evaluated by Mann-Whitney test, PCA and PLS-DA. RESULTS: In HPD group, ketoacidosis as metabolic disease was monitored by elevated acetoacetic acid and 3-hydroxybutyric acid. In addition, the elevation of ketogenic AAs, reduction of medium chain FAs and OAs with energy metabolism in TCA cycle were monitored in HPD group. Star graphic pattern was characteristic and readily distinguished between control and HPD groups. In PLS-DA, two groups were separated with VIP score of top-ranked 10 FAs as important metabolites for discrimination. CONCLUSION: Elevation of ketone body including ketogenic AAs and reduced energy metabolism of FAs and OAs may useful for evaluation of health states associated with ketoacidosis from metabolic event by HPD in beef cattle.
Entities:
Keywords:
Gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry; Hanwoo heifers; High-protein diet; Metabolic profiling analysis; Metabolomics