Jeffrey M Denney1,2, Edward Nelson3, Pathick Wadhwa4, Thaddeus Waters2,5, Leny Mathew6, Robert L Goldenberg2,7, Jennifer F Culhane8,9. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Section for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. 2. Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA. 3. Department of Hematology & Oncology, University of California-Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, USA. 4. Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of California-Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, USA. 5. and Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Loyola University, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Maywood, USA. 6. Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Philadelphia, USA. 7. and Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Columbia University of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA. 8. Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Philadelphia, USA. 9. and Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To assess deviations in longitudinally measured cytokines with preterm birth (PTB). METHODS: Prospective longitudinal study targeting 80 subjects. Phlebotomy specimens for broad panel of cytokine analysis were obtained at three time (T) intervals: first trimester (T1: 8-14 weeks' gestation), second trimester (T2: 18-22 weeks' gestation), and third trimester (T3: 28-32 weeks' gestation). Important demographics and outcomes were tracked. Data were stratified and the target groups were analyzed as follows: "Uncomplicated" (delivered ≥37 weeks) or "Preterm Birth" (<37 weeks). Generalized Linear Modeling determined rate of change T1-T3 by outcome. RESULTS: Complete data replete with phlebotomy at all three visits were obtained on 80 women. Birth outcomes were as follows: 11 Uncomplicated Term Birth (UTB), 28 PTB, 4 low birth weight (LBW), 16 OB complications (OBC), 11 current infections (IFN), and 10 mixed complications (MC=2 or more of the above). 28 PTB were compared to 11 uncomplicated term deliveries. In both groups, T helper type 1 (TH1) cytokine (IL-1β), pleiotrophic pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6), and counter-regulatory cytokine (IL-10) responses decreased over gestation, but rates of change in IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 were significantly different. Stratification of women by smoking status additionally demonstrated significant variance in immune status over the course of pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Women delivering PTB demonstrated significant differences in cytokine trajectory over pregnancy; these data further validate key role played by immune regulation in directing pregnancy outcome. Likewise, smoking impacts longitudinal trajectory of cytokines over pregnancy.
OBJECTIVES: To assess deviations in longitudinally measured cytokines with preterm birth (PTB). METHODS: Prospective longitudinal study targeting 80 subjects. Phlebotomy specimens for broad panel of cytokine analysis were obtained at three time (T) intervals: first trimester (T1: 8-14 weeks' gestation), second trimester (T2: 18-22 weeks' gestation), and third trimester (T3: 28-32 weeks' gestation). Important demographics and outcomes were tracked. Data were stratified and the target groups were analyzed as follows: "Uncomplicated" (delivered ≥37 weeks) or "Preterm Birth" (<37 weeks). Generalized Linear Modeling determined rate of change T1-T3 by outcome. RESULTS: Complete data replete with phlebotomy at all three visits were obtained on 80 women. Birth outcomes were as follows: 11 Uncomplicated Term Birth (UTB), 28 PTB, 4 low birth weight (LBW), 16 OB complications (OBC), 11 current infections (IFN), and 10 mixed complications (MC=2 or more of the above). 28 PTB were compared to 11 uncomplicated term deliveries. In both groups, T helper type 1 (TH1) cytokine (IL-1β), pleiotrophic pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6), and counter-regulatory cytokine (IL-10) responses decreased over gestation, but rates of change in IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 were significantly different. Stratification of women by smoking status additionally demonstrated significant variance in immune status over the course of pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS:Women delivering PTB demonstrated significant differences in cytokine trajectory over pregnancy; these data further validate key role played by immune regulation in directing pregnancy outcome. Likewise, smoking impacts longitudinal trajectory of cytokines over pregnancy.
Authors: Samuel R Schnittman; Helen Byakwaga; Yap Boum; Jerome Kabakyenga; Lynn T Matthews; Tricia H Burdo; Yong Huang; Russell P Tracy; Jessica E Haberer; Annet Kembabazi; Angela Kaida; Daniela Moisi; Michael M Lederman; David R Bangsberg; Jeffrey N Martin; Peter W Hunt Journal: Open Forum Infect Dis Date: 2021-05-17 Impact factor: 3.835