Mechanisms of gastric cytoprotection.

Gastric cytoprotection is a real but relative phenomenon that is induced by both endogenous and exogenous compounds. The key element in acute mucosal protection is the preservation of vascular integrity and the resulting maintenance of blood flow. The critical factors in chronic mucosal protection include the stimulation of bicarbonate and mucus secretion, and the proliferation of epithelial, endothelial, and mesenchymal cells. Investigations are currently underway to identify the biochemical targets of cytoprotection.