B Zani1, L Fairall1,2,3, I Petersen4, N Folb1, A Bhana4,5, G Thornicroft6, J Hanass-Hancock7,8, C Lund6,9, M Bachmann10. 1. Knowledge Translation Unit, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa. 2. King's Global Health Institute, King's College London, London, UK. 3. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. 4. Centre for Rural Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. 5. Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa. 6. Centre for Global Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK. 7. HIV Prevention Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa. 8. School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. 9. Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. 10. Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe the receipt of a diagnosis, referral and treatment for depression in people receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), with depressive symptoms and attending primary care clinics in South Africa, and investigate factors associated with receiving these components of care. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial of an intervention intended to improve detection and treatment of depression in primary care patients receiving ART. In this analysis, we combined cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the intervention and control arms. Using regression models and adjusting for intra-cluster correlation of outcomes, we investigated associations between socioeconomic characteristics, depressive symptoms, stress, disability and stigma, and receipt of a diagnosis, referral and treatment for depression. RESULTS: Of 2002 participants enrolled, 18% reported a previous diagnosis of depression by a healthcare worker and 10% reported having received counselling from a specialist mental health worker. Diagnosis, referral and counselling during the follow-up period were appropriately targeted, being independently more frequent in participants with higher enrolment scores for depressive symptoms, stress or disability. Participants with higher stigma scores at enrolment were independently less likely to receive counselling. Severe socio-economic deprivation was common but was not associated with treatment. CONCLUSION: While the receipt of a diagnosis, referral and treatment for depression were uncommon, they seemed to be appropriately targeted. Socio-economic deprivation was not associated with treatment.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: To describe the receipt of a diagnosis, referral and treatment for depression in people receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), with depressive symptoms and attending primary care clinics in South Africa, and investigate factors associated with receiving these components of care. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial of an intervention intended to improve detection and treatment of depression in primary care patients receiving ART. In this analysis, we combined cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the intervention and control arms. Using regression models and adjusting for intra-cluster correlation of outcomes, we investigated associations between socioeconomic characteristics, depressive symptoms, stress, disability and stigma, and receipt of a diagnosis, referral and treatment for depression. RESULTS: Of 2002 participants enrolled, 18% reported a previous diagnosis of depression by a healthcare worker and 10% reported having received counselling from a specialist mental health worker. Diagnosis, referral and counselling during the follow-up period were appropriately targeted, being independently more frequent in participants with higher enrolment scores for depressive symptoms, stress or disability. Participants with higher stigma scores at enrolment were independently less likely to receive counselling. Severe socio-economic deprivation was common but was not associated with treatment. CONCLUSION: While the receipt of a diagnosis, referral and treatment for depression were uncommon, they seemed to be appropriately targeted. Socio-economic deprivation was not associated with treatment.
Authors: Philip S Wang; Sergio Aguilar-Gaxiola; Jordi Alonso; Matthias C Angermeyer; Guilherme Borges; Evelyn J Bromet; Ronny Bruffaerts; Giovanni de Girolamo; Ron de Graaf; Oye Gureje; Josep Maria Haro; Elie G Karam; Ronald C Kessler; Viviane Kovess; Michael C Lane; Sing Lee; Daphna Levinson; Yutaka Ono; Maria Petukhova; José Posada-Villa; Soraya Seedat; J Elisabeth Wells Journal: Lancet Date: 2007-09-08 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Soraya Seedat; David R Williams; Allen A Herman; Hashim Moomal; Stacey L Williams; Pamela B Jackson; Landon Myer; Dan J Stein Journal: S Afr Med J Date: 2009-05