Alicja M Nogacka1,2, Clara G de Los Reyes-Gavilán1,2, Ceferino Martínez-Faedo3,4, Patricia Ruas-Madiedo1,5, Adolfo Suarez2,6, Leonardo Mancabelli7, Marco Ventura7, Alejandro Cifuentes8, Carlos León9, Miguel Gueimonde1,2, Nuria Salazar1,2. 1. Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, 33300, Spain. 2. Diet, Human Microbiota and Health Group, Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, 33011, Spain. 3. Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, 33011, Spain. 4. Endocrinology, Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Group, Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, 33011, Spain. 5. Functionality and Ecology of Beneficial Microorganisms, Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, 33011, Spain. 6. Digestive Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, 33011, Spain. 7. Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, 43121, Italy. 8. Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL, CSIC, Nicolás Cabrera 9, Madrid, 28049, Spain. 9. Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganés, Madrid, Spain.
Abstract
SCOPE: A limited number of human studies have characterized fecal microbiota and metabolome in extreme obesity and after diet-induced weight loss. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fecal samples from normal-weight and extremely obese adults and from obese participants before and after moderate diet-induced weight loss are evaluated for their interaction with the intestinal adenocarcinoma cell line HT29 using an impedance-based in vitro model, which reveals variations in the interaction between the gut microbiota and host linked to obesity status. Microbiota composition, short chain fatty acids, and other intestinal metabolites are further analyzed to assess the interplay among diet, gut microbiota, and host in extreme obesity. Microbiota profiles are distinct between normal-weight and obese participants and are accompanied by fecal signatures in the metabolism of biliary compounds and catecholamines. Moderate diet-induced weight loss promotes shifts in the gut microbiota, and the primary fecal metabolomics features are associated with diet and the gut-liver and gut-brain axes. CONCLUSIONS: Analyses of the fecal microbiota and metabolome enable assessment of the impact of diet on gut microbiota composition and activity, supporting the potential use of certain fecal metabolites or members of the gut microbiota as biomarkers for the efficacy of weight loss in extreme obesity.
SCOPE: A limited number of human studies have characterized fecal microbiota and metabolome in extreme obesity and after diet-induced weight loss. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fecal samples from normal-weight and extremely obese adults and from obeseparticipants before and after moderate diet-induced weight loss are evaluated for their interaction with the intestinal adenocarcinoma cell line HT29 using an impedance-based in vitro model, which reveals variations in the interaction between the gut microbiota and host linked to obesity status. Microbiota composition, short chain fatty acids, and other intestinal metabolites are further analyzed to assess the interplay among diet, gut microbiota, and host in extreme obesity. Microbiota profiles are distinct between normal-weight and obeseparticipants and are accompanied by fecal signatures in the metabolism of biliary compounds and catecholamines. Moderate diet-induced weight loss promotes shifts in the gut microbiota, and the primary fecal metabolomics features are associated with diet and the gut-liver and gut-brain axes. CONCLUSIONS: Analyses of the fecal microbiota and metabolome enable assessment of the impact of diet on gut microbiota composition and activity, supporting the potential use of certain fecal metabolites or members of the gut microbiota as biomarkers for the efficacy of weight loss in extreme obesity.
Authors: Alicja Maria Nogacka; Clara G de Los Reyes-Gavilán; Silvia Arboleya; Patricia Ruas-Madiedo; Ceferino Martínez-Faedo; Adolfo Suarez; Fang He; Gaku Harata; Akihito Endo; Nuria Salazar; Miguel Gueimonde Journal: Front Microbiol Date: 2021-02-09 Impact factor: 5.640