Wenya Yang1, Inna Cintina2, Thomas Hoerger3, Simon J Neuwahl4, Hui Shao5, Michael Laxy6, Ping Zhang7. 1. The Lewin Group, 3160 Fairview Park Drive #600, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA. Electronic address: grace.yang@lewin.com. 2. The Lewin Group, 3160 Fairview Park Drive #600, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA. Electronic address: inna.cintina@lewin.com. 3. RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194, USA. Electronic address: tjh@rti.org. 4. RTI International, 2987 Clairmont Rd, Atlanta, GA 30345, USA. Electronic address: sneuwahl@rti.org. 5. College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes & Policy, University of Florida, 1225 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. Electronic address: hui.shao@cop.ufl.edu. 6. Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Center of Diabetes Research, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany. Electronic address: michael.laxy@helmholtz-muenchen.de. 7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. Electronic address: paz2@cdc.gov.
Abstract
AIMS: To estimate the cost of diabetes complications in the United States (U.S.). METHODS: We constructed longitudinal panel data using one of the largest claims databases in the U.S. for privately insured Type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM) diabetes patients with a follow-up time of one to ten years. Complication costs were estimated both in years of the first occurrence and in subsequent years, using individual fixed-effects models. All costs were in 2016 dollars. RESULTS: 47,166 people with T1DM and 608,237 with T2DM were included in our study. Aside from organ transplants, which were rare, the estimated average costs for the top three most costly conditions in the first vs. subsequent years were: end stage renal disease ($73,534 vs. $97,431 for T1DM; $94,231 vs. $98,981 for T2DM), congestive heart failure ($41,681 vs. $14,855 for T1DM; $31,202 vs. $7062 for T2DM), and myocardial infarction ($40,899 vs. $9496 for T1DM; $45,251 vs. $8572 for T2DM). For both diabetes types, retinopathy and neuropathy tend to have the lowest cost estimates. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides the latest and most comprehensive cost estimates for a broad set of diabetes complications needed to evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of interventions for preventing and managing diabetes.
AIMS: To estimate the cost of diabetes complications in the United States (U.S.). METHODS: We constructed longitudinal panel data using one of the largest claims databases in the U.S. for privately insured Type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM) diabetespatients with a follow-up time of one to ten years. Complication costs were estimated both in years of the first occurrence and in subsequent years, using individual fixed-effects models. All costs were in 2016 dollars. RESULTS: 47,166 people with T1DM and 608,237 with T2DM were included in our study. Aside from organ transplants, which were rare, the estimated average costs for the top three most costly conditions in the first vs. subsequent years were: end stage renal disease ($73,534 vs. $97,431 for T1DM; $94,231 vs. $98,981 for T2DM), congestive heart failure ($41,681 vs. $14,855 for T1DM; $31,202 vs. $7062 for T2DM), and myocardial infarction ($40,899 vs. $9496 for T1DM; $45,251 vs. $8572 for T2DM). For both diabetes types, retinopathy and neuropathy tend to have the lowest cost estimates. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides the latest and most comprehensive cost estimates for a broad set of diabetes complications needed to evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of interventions for preventing and managing diabetes.
Authors: David C Mohr; Libin Zhang; Julia C Prentice; Richard E Nelson; Donglin Li; Erin Pleasants; Paul R Conlin Journal: BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care Date: 2022-07