Stanley Chidi Iheanacho1,2, Christiana Igberi3, Akunna Amadi-Eke4, Delight Chinonyerem1, Angus Iheanacho5, Fred Avwemoya6. 1. Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria. 2. Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. 3. Department of Agriculture, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria. 4. Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. 5. Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. 6. Department of Fisheries, Nigerian Maritime University, Okerenkoko Warri, Nigeria.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Plastic particulates and chemicals are emerging environmental pollutants with significant impact on aquatic ecosystems. In this study, the effects of oral uptake of melamine, melamine formaldehyde, and polyvinyl chloride on serum biochemical profiles, antioxidant enzymes activities, lipid peroxidation levels and brain acetyl cholinesterase activities in Clarias gariepinus juveniles were investigated. METHODS: Fish specimens were fed diets spiked with melamine, melamine formaldehyde and poly vinyl chloride at 0.3% (3.0 g Kg-1) dietary inclusion for 45 days. Toxicity effect of these plastic chemicals was estimated by assaying relevant biomarkers. RESULTS: After 45 days exposure, Serum glucose was significantly elevated, whereas plasma protein levels were substantially reduced in the exposed fish groups. Serum transaminases were significantly elevated in the exposed groups. Brain acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant enzyme activities declined significantly, while malondialdehyde levels were elevated in the exposed groups. CONCLUSION: C. gariepinus is an important bioindicator to monitor the ecotoxicological impact of plastic chemicals such as melamine, and polyvinyl chloride.
PURPOSE: Plastic particulates and chemicals are emerging environmental pollutants with significant impact on aquatic ecosystems. In this study, the effects of oral uptake of melamine, melamine formaldehyde, and polyvinyl chloride on serum biochemical profiles, antioxidant enzymes activities, lipid peroxidation levels and brain acetyl cholinesterase activities in Clarias gariepinus juveniles were investigated. METHODS: Fish specimens were fed diets spiked with melamine, melamine formaldehyde and poly vinyl chloride at 0.3% (3.0 g Kg-1) dietary inclusion for 45 days. Toxicity effect of these plastic chemicals was estimated by assaying relevant biomarkers. RESULTS: After 45 days exposure, Serum glucose was significantly elevated, whereas plasma protein levels were substantially reduced in the exposed fish groups. Serum transaminases were significantly elevated in the exposed groups. Brain acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant enzyme activities declined significantly, while malondialdehyde levels were elevated in the exposed groups. CONCLUSION:C. gariepinus is an important bioindicator to monitor the ecotoxicological impact of plastic chemicals such as melamine, and polyvinyl chloride.
Authors: Sunusi Usman; Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis; Khozirah Shaari; Mohammad Noor Azmai Amal; Mohd Zamri Saad; Nurulfiza Mat Isa; Muhammad Farhan Nazarudin Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-09-07 Impact factor: 3.390