Tom P A Beddows1, Pim van Klij2, Rintje Agricola2, Igor J R Tak3, Tom Piscaer2, Jan A N Verhaar2, Adam Weir4. 1. Orthopaedic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: t.beddows@erasmusmc.nl. 2. Orthopaedic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. 3. Physiotherapy Utrecht Oost, Utrecht, the Netherlands. 4. Orthopaedic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar; Sport Medicine and Exercise Clinic Haarlem, Haarlem, the Netherlands.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine normal values for hip strength and range of motion (ROM) of elite, sub-elite and amateur male field hockey players and to examine the effect of age, leg dominance, playing position, playing level and non-time-loss groin pain on hip strength and ROM. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Physical testing took place at field hockey clubs. PARTICIPANTS: Male field hockey players competing in the three highest Dutch field hockey leagues (n = 104). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Eccentric adduction, eccentric abduction, adductor squeeze strength, adduction/abduction ratio, internal rotation, external rotation and bent knee fall out (BKFO). RESULTS: Strength and ROM values (mean ± standard deviation) were: adduction = 2.8 ± 0.4 Nm/kg, abduction = 2.6 ± 0.4 Nm/kg, adduction/abduction ratio = 1.1 ± 0.2, squeeze test = 4.5 ± 0.8 N/kg, internal rotation = 34° ± 11°, external rotation = 47° ± 9°, BKFO = 15 ± 4 cm. Age, leg dominance, playing position, playing level and non-time-loss groin pain had no effect on these profiles. CONCLUSIONS: Normal values were established for hip strength and ROM of male field hockey players and showed to be independent of age, leg dominance, playing position, playing level and non-time-loss groin pain.
OBJECTIVES: To determine normal values for hip strength and range of motion (ROM) of elite, sub-elite and amateur male field hockey players and to examine the effect of age, leg dominance, playing position, playing level and non-time-loss groin pain on hip strength and ROM. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Physical testing took place at field hockey clubs. PARTICIPANTS: Male field hockey players competing in the three highest Dutch field hockey leagues (n = 104). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Eccentric adduction, eccentric abduction, adductor squeeze strength, adduction/abduction ratio, internal rotation, external rotation and bent knee fall out (BKFO). RESULTS: Strength and ROM values (mean ± standard deviation) were: adduction = 2.8 ± 0.4 Nm/kg, abduction = 2.6 ± 0.4 Nm/kg, adduction/abduction ratio = 1.1 ± 0.2, squeeze test = 4.5 ± 0.8 N/kg, internal rotation = 34° ± 11°, external rotation = 47° ± 9°, BKFO = 15 ± 4 cm. Age, leg dominance, playing position, playing level and non-time-loss groin pain had no effect on these profiles. CONCLUSIONS: Normal values were established for hip strength and ROM of male field hockey players and showed to be independent of age, leg dominance, playing position, playing level and non-time-loss groin pain.