Jing Sui1,2,3, Xiang Li2,3, Ryan P Bell4, Sheri L Towe4, Syam Gadde5, Nan-Kuei Chen5,6, Christina S Meade4,5. 1. Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. 2. National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. 3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Beijing, China. 4. Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States. 5. Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States. 6. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona College, Tucson, AZ, United States.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment remains a prevalent comorbidity that impacts daily functioning and increases morbidity. While HIV infection is known to cause widespread disruptions in the brain, different MRI modalities have not been effectively integrated. This study applied 3-way supervised fusion to investigate how structural and functional co-alterations affect cognitive function. METHODS: Participants (59 with HIV and 58 without HIV) completed comprehensive neuropsychological testing and multimodal MRI scanning to acquire high-resolution anatomical, diffusion-weighted, and resting-state functional images. Pre-processed data was reduced using voxel-based morphometry, probabilistic tractography, and regional homogeneity, respectively. We applied multimodal canonical correlation analysis with reference plus joint independent component analysis (MCCAR+jICA), using global cognitive functioning as the reference. RESULTS: Compared to controls, participants with HIV had lower global cognitive functioning. One joint component was both group discriminating and correlated with cognitive function. This component included the following covarying regions: fractional anisotropy in the corpus callosum, short and long association fiber tracts, and corticopontine fibers; gray matter volume in thalamus, prefrontal cortex, precuneus, posterior parietal regions, and occipital lobe; and functional connectivity in fronto-parietal and visual processing regions. Component loadings for fractional anisotropy also correlated with immunosuppression. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that co-alterations in brain structure and function can distinguish people with and without HIV and may drive cognitive impairment. As MRI becomes more commonplace in HIV care, multimodal fusion may provide neural biomarkers to support diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment.
BACKGROUND:HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment remains a prevalent comorbidity that impacts daily functioning and increases morbidity. While HIV infection is known to cause widespread disruptions in the brain, different MRI modalities have not been effectively integrated. This study applied 3-way supervised fusion to investigate how structural and functional co-alterations affect cognitive function. METHODS:Participants (59 with HIV and 58 without HIV) completed comprehensive neuropsychological testing and multimodal MRI scanning to acquire high-resolution anatomical, diffusion-weighted, and resting-state functional images. Pre-processed data was reduced using voxel-based morphometry, probabilistic tractography, and regional homogeneity, respectively. We applied multimodal canonical correlation analysis with reference plus joint independent component analysis (MCCAR+jICA), using global cognitive functioning as the reference. RESULTS: Compared to controls, participants with HIV had lower global cognitive functioning. One joint component was both group discriminating and correlated with cognitive function. This component included the following covarying regions: fractional anisotropy in the corpus callosum, short and long association fiber tracts, and corticopontine fibers; gray matter volume in thalamus, prefrontal cortex, precuneus, posterior parietal regions, and occipital lobe; and functional connectivity in fronto-parietal and visual processing regions. Component loadings for fractional anisotropy also correlated with immunosuppression. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that co-alterations in brain structure and function can distinguish people with and without HIV and may drive cognitive impairment. As MRI becomes more commonplace in HIV care, multimodal fusion may provide neural biomarkers to support diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment.
Authors: Collin B Kilgore; Jeremy F Strain; Brittany Nelson; Sarah A Cooley; Alexander Rosenow; Michelle Glans; William Todd Cade; Dominic N Reeds; Robert H Paul; Beau M Ances Journal: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Date: 2022-04-15 Impact factor: 3.771
Authors: Shana A Hall; Ryan P Bell; Simon W Davis; Sheri L Towe; Taylor P Ikner; Christina S Meade Journal: Hum Brain Mapp Date: 2021-08-12 Impact factor: 5.038