Dicky L Tahapary1, Cindy Astrella2, Melly Kristanti3, Dante S Harbuwono4, Pradana Soewondo5. 1. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Diponegoro No.71, Central Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia; Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Aging Cluster, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No VI, Central Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia. Electronic address: dicky.tahapary@ui.ac.id. 2. Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Aging Cluster, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No VI, Central Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Diponegoro No.71, Central Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia. Electronic address: cindy.astrella@yahoo.com. 3. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Diponegoro No.71, Central Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia. Electronic address: mellykristanti.mk.mk@gmail.com. 4. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Diponegoro No.71, Central Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia; Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Aging Cluster, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No VI, Central Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia. Electronic address: dante.saksono@ui.ac.id. 5. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Diponegoro No.71, Central Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia; Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Aging Cluster, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No VI, Central Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia. Electronic address: pradana.soewondo@ui.ac.id.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Majority of Muslims with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) fasted during Ramadan regardless of possible risk of complication. This systematic review aims to assess the impact of Ramadan fasting on metabolic profile and hypoglycemia event among T2DM patients. METHODS: Literature searching was conducted on December 2019 at PUBMED, Medline (EBSCOhost), and ProQuest databases using the following keywords: Ramadan fasting, type 2 diabetes mellitus, glycemic and lipid profile, anthropometry measurements, and hypoglycemia. Observational studies in adults and published in English which analyze the glucose parameters, lipid profile, and hypoglycemia among T2DM patients during Ramadan were included in the analysis. All studies were assessed for its risk of bias using New-Castle Ottawa Scale. The heterogeneity of the studies was analyzed using I2 (square) test and the overall mean difference between studied parameters before and after Ramadan fasting was calculated using Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) test using Stata 13. RESULTS: A total of 28 observational studies that were conducted in Middle Eastern, African, and Asian countries were included. This review found decrease in FPG level by -15.28 (95% CI -17.22, -13.34) mg/dl, HbA1c by -0.27 (95% CI -0.32, -0.22)%, total cholesterol by -12.88 (95% CI -14.68, -11.09) mg/dL, LDL-C by -4.42 (95% CI -6.17, -2.66)mg/dl, HDL-C by -1.09 (95% CI -1.71 - 0.47) mg/dL, triglyceride by -2.47 (95% CI -3.69 - 1.24) mg/dL and decreased anthropometry measurement. No studies reported fatal hypoglycemia event. CONCLUSIONS: Ramadan fasting resulted in slight improvement of overall metabolic profile and anthropometry among T2DM patients with relatively low incidence of hypoglycemia.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Majority of Muslims with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) fasted during Ramadan regardless of possible risk of complication. This systematic review aims to assess the impact of Ramadan fasting on metabolic profile and hypoglycemia event among T2DM patients. METHODS: Literature searching was conducted on December 2019 at PUBMED, Medline (EBSCOhost), and ProQuest databases using the following keywords: Ramadan fasting, type 2 diabetes mellitus, glycemic and lipid profile, anthropometry measurements, and hypoglycemia. Observational studies in adults and published in English which analyze the glucose parameters, lipid profile, and hypoglycemia among T2DM patients during Ramadan were included in the analysis. All studies were assessed for its risk of bias using New-Castle Ottawa Scale. The heterogeneity of the studies was analyzed using I2 (square) test and the overall mean difference between studied parameters before and after Ramadan fasting was calculated using Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) test using Stata 13. RESULTS: A total of 28 observational studies that were conducted in Middle Eastern, African, and Asian countries were included. This review found decrease in FPG level by -15.28 (95% CI -17.22, -13.34) mg/dl, HbA1c by -0.27 (95% CI -0.32, -0.22)%, total cholesterol by -12.88 (95% CI -14.68, -11.09) mg/dL, LDL-C by -4.42 (95% CI -6.17, -2.66)mg/dl, HDL-C by -1.09 (95% CI -1.71 - 0.47) mg/dL, triglyceride by -2.47 (95% CI -3.69 - 1.24) mg/dL and decreased anthropometry measurement. No studies reported fatal hypoglycemia event. CONCLUSIONS: Ramadan fasting resulted in slight improvement of overall metabolic profile and anthropometry among T2DM patients with relatively low incidence of hypoglycemia.
Authors: Mohamed Hassanein; Saud Al Sifri; Shehla Shaikh; Syed Abbas Raza; Javed Akram; Achmad Rudijanto; Inass Shaltout; Md Fariduddin; Wan Mohd Izani Bin Wan Mohamed; Fatheya Al Awadi; Alexandra Durocher; Viviana Cortese; Thamer Alessa Journal: Diabetes Ther Date: 2021-05-11 Impact factor: 2.945