Daniel Cardoso de Almeida E Araújo1, Jaqueline Mendes de Oliveira2, Simone Kashima Haddad3, Daiane Leite da Roza4, Fernanda de Oliveira Bottino5, Sarah Beatriz Salvador Castro Faria5, Fernando Bellíssimo-Rodrigues6, Afonso Dinis Costa Passos6. 1. Divisão de Vigilância Epidemiológica, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. 2. Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: jackie@ioc.fiocruz.br. 3. Fundação Hemocentro de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. 4. Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. 5. Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. 6. Departamento de Medicina Social, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is considered highly endemic in Brazil, especially in low-income areas. In contrast, only a few human cases of hepatitis E have been reported. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and potential risk factors of HAV and hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections in an adult population from a rural township of southeastern Brazil. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey using serum samples from urban and rural residents of Cássia dos Coqueiros, São Paulo state. A total of 990 samples were tested for anti-HAV IgG by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay, and a subset of 248 samples tested for anti-HEV IgG, using two commercial ELISA. Variables associated with anti-HAV and anti-HEV positivity were assessed by a multivariate analysis using a binomial logistic regression model. RESULTS: Seroprevalence of HAV and HEV was 89.1% and 20.7%, respectively. Age was significantly associated with HAV infection. Wantai and Mikrogen ELISA yielded comparable HEV seroprevalence results. CONCLUSIONS: Anti-HAV seroprevalence has declined and correlates with age, whereas anti-HEV was significantly higher than that found in previous population-based studies. These results indicate a need for further investigations of the magnitude of HEV infection in Brazil using the currently available, more sensitive diagnostic methods.
OBJECTIVES:Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is considered highly endemic in Brazil, especially in low-income areas. In contrast, only a few human cases of hepatitis E have been reported. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and potential risk factors of HAV and hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections in an adult population from a rural township of southeastern Brazil. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey using serum samples from urban and rural residents of Cássia dos Coqueiros, São Paulo state. A total of 990 samples were tested for anti-HAV IgG by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay, and a subset of 248 samples tested for anti-HEV IgG, using two commercial ELISA. Variables associated with anti-HAV and anti-HEV positivity were assessed by a multivariate analysis using a binomial logistic regression model. RESULTS: Seroprevalence of HAV and HEV was 89.1% and 20.7%, respectively. Age was significantly associated with HAV infection. Wantai and Mikrogen ELISA yielded comparable HEV seroprevalence results. CONCLUSIONS: Anti-HAV seroprevalence has declined and correlates with age, whereas anti-HEV was significantly higher than that found in previous population-based studies. These results indicate a need for further investigations of the magnitude of HEV infection in Brazil using the currently available, more sensitive diagnostic methods.
Authors: Grazielle Rosa da Costa E Silva; Thaynara Lorrane Silva Martins; Carla de Almeida Silva; Karlla Antonieta Amorim Caetano; Megmar Aparecida Dos Santos Carneiro; Bruno Vinicius Diniz E Silva; Leonora Rezende Pacheco; Livia Melo Villar; Vanessa Salete de Paula; Regina Maria Bringel Martins; Sheila Araújo Teles Journal: Rev Saude Publica Date: 2022-04-22 Impact factor: 2.772