Masanao Inokoshi1, Kosuke Nozaki2, Tomohiro Takagaki3, Yohei Okazaki4, Kumiko Yoshihara5, Shunsuke Minakuchi1, Bart Van Meerbeek6. 1. Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University. 2. Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University. 3. Department of Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Functional Science and Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Asahi University. 4. KU Leuven , Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven , Dentistry, Belgium Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Division of Dental Sciences, Hiroshima University. 5. Department of National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST),Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine,Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University. 6. KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To assess the degree of conversion (DC) of dual-curing composite cements when cured through ceramic-veneered zirconia disks. METHODS: Portions of mixed cement, either G-CEM LinkForce (GC), Panavia V5 (Kuraray Noritake) or ResiCEM (Shofu), were placed on the ATR crystal of a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscope (FTIR; iS50, Thermo Scientific) and squeezed to a 100-µm film thickness using a microscopy cover glass. DC (%) of the composite cements applied in self-curing mode was measured in the dark at 37°C. Following the dual-curing mode, the cements were light-cured directly (positive control) or through a ceramic-veneered zirconia disk (0.5-mm thick zirconia with a 1.0-mm thick veneering ceramic) for 40 sec using two light-curing units (G-Light Prima 2, GC; PenCure, Morita). Per experimental group, 5 tests were conducted to measure DC in self-cure and dual-cure mode (n=5). FTIR spectra of the composite cement films were acquired to determine DC every min up to 30 min. DC of the composite cements was statistically compared using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (α=0.05). RESULTS: For all cements investigated, the self-curing mode resulted in significantly lower DC at 10, 20 and 30 min than the light-curing mode. When the composite cements were light-cured through the zirconia disk, DC at 30 min dropped significantly for ResiCem (Shofu), while not for Panavia V5 (Kuraray Noritake) and G-CEM LinkForce (GC). CONCLUSIONS: Self-curing slows down polymerization but does not reach for all composite cements the highest (light-cured) DC. Ceramic-veneered zirconia-based restorations may affect DC of some composite cements.
PURPOSE: To assess the degree of conversion (DC) of dual-curing composite cements when cured through ceramic-veneered zirconia disks. METHODS: Portions of mixed cement, either G-CEM LinkForce (GC), Panavia V5 (Kuraray Noritake) or ResiCEM (Shofu), were placed on the ATR crystal of a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscope (FTIR; iS50, Thermo Scientific) and squeezed to a 100-µm film thickness using a microscopy cover glass. DC (%) of the composite cements applied in self-curing mode was measured in the dark at 37°C. Following the dual-curing mode, the cements were light-cured directly (positive control) or through a ceramic-veneered zirconia disk (0.5-mm thick zirconia with a 1.0-mm thick veneering ceramic) for 40 sec using two light-curing units (G-Light Prima 2, GC; PenCure, Morita). Per experimental group, 5 tests were conducted to measure DC in self-cure and dual-cure mode (n=5). FTIR spectra of the composite cement films were acquired to determine DC every min up to 30 min. DC of the composite cements was statistically compared using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (α=0.05). RESULTS: For all cements investigated, the self-curing mode resulted in significantly lower DC at 10, 20 and 30 min than the light-curing mode. When the composite cements were light-cured through the zirconia disk, DC at 30 min dropped significantly for ResiCem (Shofu), while not for Panavia V5 (Kuraray Noritake) and G-CEM LinkForce (GC). CONCLUSIONS: Self-curing slows down polymerization but does not reach for all composite cements the highest (light-cured) DC. Ceramic-veneered zirconia-based restorations may affect DC of some composite cements.