Margaret Mary Hansen1, Reo Jones2. 1. School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, CA, USA. 2. School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Abstract
Background and objectives: Shinrin-yoku (SY; Forest Bathing) is an integrative practice known to improve humans' physiologic and psychologic health and well-being by mindfully using the five human senses while relaxing in natural environments. In addition, it may be effective in enhancing or revealing human spirituality. The World Health Organization defines an individual's well-being as an awareness of one's fullest possible physical, psychologic, social, spiritual, and economic self. Recent evidence suggests that nature promotes spiritual well-being. Hence, the authors performed a scoping review of the literature with regard to the evidence of the interrelationship of SY/nature and spirituality with an aim to identify gaps in knowledge and assist with furthering empirical research. Methods: The PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) methodological approach, presented by Tricco et al., was utilized by searching the electronic databases, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, PsychInfo, and ScienceDirect separately, for authors using key terms shinrin-yoku, forest bathing, nature based therapy, spirituality, health, wellbeing, awe, and wonder. Results: Of the 30 publications, 13 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the synthesis. The authors discovered that, despite the different research methodologies and publications, nature may have a positive effect on human spirituality and, therefore, enriching individuals' well-being. Conclusions: SY is an integrative practice that may enhance or actualize human spirituality. More research is needed to determine the interrelationship of SY and human spirituality in achieving one's fullest possible self.
Background and objectives: Shinrin-yoku (SY; Forest Bathing) is an integrative practice known to improve humans' physiologic and psychologic health and well-being by mindfully using the five human senses while relaxing in natural environments. In addition, it may be effective in enhancing or revealing human spirituality. The World Health Organization defines an individual's well-being as an awareness of one's fullest possible physical, psychologic, social, spiritual, and economic self. Recent evidence suggests that nature promotes spiritual well-being. Hence, the authors performed a scoping review of the literature with regard to the evidence of the interrelationship of SY/nature and spirituality with an aim to identify gaps in knowledge and assist with furthering empirical research. Methods: The PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) methodological approach, presented by Tricco et al., was utilized by searching the electronic databases, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, PsychInfo, and ScienceDirect separately, for authors using key terms shinrin-yoku, forest bathing, nature based therapy, spirituality, health, wellbeing, awe, and wonder. Results: Of the 30 publications, 13 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the synthesis. The authors discovered that, despite the different research methodologies and publications, nature may have a positive effect on human spirituality and, therefore, enriching individuals' well-being. Conclusions: SY is an integrative practice that may enhance or actualize human spirituality. More research is needed to determine the interrelationship of SY and human spirituality in achieving one's fullest possible self.
Authors: Rezvan Ameli; Perry Skeath; Preetha A Abraham; Samin Panahi; Josh B Kazman; Frederick Foote; Patricia A Deuster; Niha Ahmad; Ann Berger Journal: PeerJ Date: 2021-01-04 Impact factor: 2.984
Authors: Marita Stier-Jarmer; Veronika Throner; Michaela Kirschneck; Gisela Immich; Dieter Frisch; Angela Schuh Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-02-11 Impact factor: 3.390