Islet cell antigens. Extraction studies and ELISA analysis.

Whole human and bovine pancreases were extracted in 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer without detergents and fractionated by high-speed centrifugation. The 80,000 x g supernatant was used to coat microtiter plates at a concentration of 5 micrograms protein/ml in phosphate-buffered saline. This solid-phase ELISA system was used for the detection of islet cell antigens defined by a series of monoclonal islet cell antibodies (HISL-1, -4, -5, -8, -14, and -19 and 4F2, 3G5, and A2B5). Both glycoprotein and glycolipid islet cell antigens in the total pancreatic extracts were detected by the monoclonal islet cell antibody in the ELISA system, indicating that epitope preservation had occurred during the extraction procedure. There was a good correlation between islet cell antigen quantitated by the ELISA system and the corresponding islet immunohistochemical reaction. Studies along these lines have the potential to facilitate the design of large-scale protocols for the purification of diabetes-related islet cell antigens to homogeneity.