Katerina Evers1, Sufen Chen2, Sebastiaan Rothmann3, Amandeep Dhir4, Ståle Pallesen5. 1. Graduate Institute of Digital Learning and Education, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43, Sec.4, Keelung Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: evers.katerina@gmail.com. 2. Graduate Institute of Digital Learning and Education, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43, Sec.4, Keelung Rd., Taipei, Taiwan; Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University, PO Box 1174, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa. Electronic address: sufchen@mail.ntust.edu.tw. 3. Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University, PO Box 1174, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa. Electronic address: lan.Rothmann@nwu.ac.za. 4. Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University, PO Box 1174, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Norway Norwegian School of Hotel Management, University of Stavanger, 39, Kjell Arholms gate, PO Box 4021, Stavanger, Norway; Department of Management, School of Business & Law, University of Agder, 25, Universitetsveien, PO Box 4630, Kristiansand, Norway. Electronic address: amandeep.dhir@uia.no. 5. Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University, PO Box 1174, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa; Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, 12, Christies Gate, Bergen, 5015, Norway. Electronic address: Staale.Pallesen@uib.no.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have revealed the significant influence of electronic devices, especially social media use, on sleep difficulties among adolescents. In this study, disturbed sleep due to social media use (DSSM) was defined as reduced or troubled sleep caused by nighttime-specific behaviors such as waking to check updates, being notified by incoming messages, or postponed bedtime because of social media activities. Inadequate and disturbed sleep during youth interferes with daytime academic efficiency and may be associated with school burnout, which were examined in this study. METHODS: Using two data waves collected from questionnaires on school burnout and DSSM and school test scores of 2462 Taiwanese middle school students (52.5% males) from various school types with average ages of 13.9 (SD = 0.72) and 14.3 (SD = 0.66) at Time 1 and Time 2, we investigated the relationship between the variables across time. RESULTS: DSSM, academic performance, and school burnout were significantly correlated. Cross-lagged analyses to the group of adolescents with higher than the average DSSM scores revealed that burnout predicted lower academic achievements through DSSM as a mediator. Burnout did not have a direct effect on school performance but influenced the latter through disturbed sleep. Poor academic achievement in its turn showed a feedback effect on higher levels of burnout. CONCLUSIONS: This research reveals a vicious cycle of burnout, disturbed sleep, and academic achievement. During adolescence, school burnout through DSSM increase can lead to a lower academic performance that may later cause even higher burnout.
INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have revealed the significant influence of electronic devices, especially social media use, on sleep difficulties among adolescents. In this study, disturbed sleep due to social media use (DSSM) was defined as reduced or troubled sleep caused by nighttime-specific behaviors such as waking to check updates, being notified by incoming messages, or postponed bedtime because of social media activities. Inadequate and disturbed sleep during youth interferes with daytime academic efficiency and may be associated with school burnout, which were examined in this study. METHODS: Using two data waves collected from questionnaires on school burnout and DSSM and school test scores of 2462 Taiwanese middle school students (52.5% males) from various school types with average ages of 13.9 (SD = 0.72) and 14.3 (SD = 0.66) at Time 1 and Time 2, we investigated the relationship between the variables across time. RESULTS: DSSM, academic performance, and school burnout were significantly correlated. Cross-lagged analyses to the group of adolescents with higher than the average DSSM scores revealed that burnout predicted lower academic achievements through DSSM as a mediator. Burnout did not have a direct effect on school performance but influenced the latter through disturbed sleep. Poor academic achievement in its turn showed a feedback effect on higher levels of burnout. CONCLUSIONS: This research reveals a vicious cycle of burnout, disturbed sleep, and academic achievement. During adolescence, school burnout through DSSM increase can lead to a lower academic performance that may later cause even higher burnout.
Authors: Pablo Usán; Carlos Salavera; Alberto Quílez-Robres; Raquel Lozano-Blasco Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-10-03 Impact factor: 4.614