Lucia Maria Lotrean1,2, Antigona Trofor2,3, Cornel Radu-Loghin4, Marius Eremia2, Florin Mihaltan2,5, Pete Driezen6,7, Christina N Kyriakos4,8, Ute Mons9, Tibor Demjén10, Esteve Fernández11,12,13,14, Paraskevi A Katsaounou15,16, Krzysztof Przewoźniak17,18,19, Filippos T Filippidis15,20, Shannon Gravely6, Geoffrey T Fong6,7,21, Constantine I Vardavas4,8. 1. Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. 2. AerPur Romania, Bucuresti, Romania. 3. University of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Grigore T.Popa", Iasi, Romania. 4. European Network for Smoking and Tobacco Prevention, Brussels, Belgium. 5. University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davilla", Bucharest, Romania. 6. Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. 7. Department of School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. 8. Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece. 9. Cancer Prevention Unit and WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany. 10. Smoking or Health Hungarian Foundation, Hungary. 11. Tobacco Control Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Catalonia, Spain. 12. Tobacco Control Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain. 13. School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bellvitge Campus, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain. 14. Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBER en Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES), Madrid, Spain. 15. Center for Health Services Research, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. 16. First ICU Evaggelismos Hospital Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. 17. Health Promotion Foundation, Warsaw, Poland. 18. Maria Skłodowska Curie Institute, Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland. 19. Collegium Civitas, Warsaw, Poland. 20. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK. 21. Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The study assessed awareness and use of heated tobacco products (HTPs) and factors that influenced these issues among cigarette smokers from six European countries in 2016 (Wave 1) and 2018 (Wave 2). METHODS: A survey was conducted among a nationally representative sample of cigarette smokers aged 18 years or older from Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain in 2016 (N = 6011) and 2018 (N = 6027; 53% of smokers from the previous wave were retained, regardless of smoking status and dropouts were replaced by a replenishment sample of smokers). Data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Estimates were produced using weighted data. The study presents the cross-sectional results. RESULTS: Awareness of HTPs increased from 8% to 17% between the two waves. At Wave 1, 1.1% of the smokers declared having used HTPs at least once during their lifetime; and at Wave 2, this increased to 1.9% (around 1% or less in four countries, except for Greece and Romania where it was around 4%). Factors associated with HTPs use among those who had ever heard about these products at Wave 1 were country of residence, being a daily cigarette smoker and ever use of electronic cigarettes. At Wave 2, ever use of HTPs was significantly higher among those who had tried to quit smoking combustible cigarettes in the last 12 months, had tried electronic cigarettes during lifetime and perceived HTPs as less dangerous than combustible cigarettes; the country of residence was also associated with HTPs use. CONCLUSION: This study offers insights into the behaviours and perceptions of European adult smokers regarding HTPs, an important emerging issue in the field of tobacco control.
BACKGROUND: The study assessed awareness and use of heated tobacco products (HTPs) and factors that influenced these issues among cigarette smokers from six European countries in 2016 (Wave 1) and 2018 (Wave 2). METHODS: A survey was conducted among a nationally representative sample of cigarette smokers aged 18 years or older from Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain in 2016 (N = 6011) and 2018 (N = 6027; 53% of smokers from the previous wave were retained, regardless of smoking status and dropouts were replaced by a replenishment sample of smokers). Data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Estimates were produced using weighted data. The study presents the cross-sectional results. RESULTS: Awareness of HTPs increased from 8% to 17% between the two waves. At Wave 1, 1.1% of the smokers declared having used HTPs at least once during their lifetime; and at Wave 2, this increased to 1.9% (around 1% or less in four countries, except for Greece and Romania where it was around 4%). Factors associated with HTPs use among those who had ever heard about these products at Wave 1 were country of residence, being a daily cigarette smoker and ever use of electronic cigarettes. At Wave 2, ever use of HTPs was significantly higher among those who had tried to quit smoking combustible cigarettes in the last 12 months, had tried electronic cigarettes during lifetime and perceived HTPs as less dangerous than combustible cigarettes; the country of residence was also associated with HTPs use. CONCLUSION: This study offers insights into the behaviours and perceptions of European adult smokers regarding HTPs, an important emerging issue in the field of tobacco control.
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Authors: Connor R Miller; Edward Sutanto; Danielle M Smith; Sara C Hitchman; Shannon Gravely; Hua-Hie Yong; Ron Borland; Richard J O'Connor; K Michael Cummings; Geoffrey T Fong; Andrew Hyland; Anne C K Quah; Maciej L Goniewicz Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2022-03-01 Impact factor: 5.825
Authors: Connor R Miller; Edward Sutanto; Danielle M Smith; Sara C Hitchman; Shannon Gravely; Hua H Yong; Ron Borland; Richard J O'Connor; K Michael Cummings; Geoffrey T Fong; Andrew Hyland; Anne C K Quah; Maciej L Goniewicz Journal: Tob Control Date: 2020-09-29 Impact factor: 7.552