Durre Sadaf1, Muhammad Zubair Ahmad2, Igho J Onakpoya3. 1. Department of Conservative Sciences, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydha, Saudi Arabia; University of Oxford, Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Oxford, United Kingdom. Electronic address: d.ahmad@qu.edu.sa. 2. University of Oxford, Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia. 3. University of Oxford, Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department for Continuing Education, University of Oxfored, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The effectiveness of intracanal cryotherapy for reducing postoperative pain is unclear. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of intracanal cryotherapy on postoperative pain after root canal therapy in patients with pulpal or periradicular pathosis. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library as well as the top 3 endodontic journals for relevant articles. We included randomized controlled trials that included adults. Our main outcome was postoperative pain intensity measured with a validated scale. We assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane criteria and the quality of the included studies using Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. We used a random-effects model for meta-analysis. RESULTS: Eight studies involving 810 patients were included. The overall risk of bias was moderate. Seven of 8 studies used a visual analog scale to measure pain intensity. Compared with controls, intracanal cryotherapy significantly reduced postoperative pain at 6 (mean difference = -1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.61 to -2.14; P < .05; I2 = 76%; moderate-quality evidence) and 24 hours after the procedure (mean difference = -1.43; 95% confidence interval, -0.70 to -2.15; P < .05; I2 = 89%; moderate-quality evidence). There was no significant effect on pain at 48 and 72 hours and 7 days after the procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Moderate-quality evidence suggests that intracanal cryotherapy (ie, using cold saline irrigation as a final irrigant) significantly reduces the intensity of pain at 6 and 24 hours after root canal therapy. Future clinical trials assessing the effectiveness of intracanal cryotherapy are advocated. Crown
INTRODUCTION: The effectiveness of intracanal cryotherapy for reducing postoperative pain is unclear. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of intracanal cryotherapy on postoperative pain after root canal therapy in patients with pulpal or periradicular pathosis. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library as well as the top 3 endodontic journals for relevant articles. We included randomized controlled trials that included adults. Our main outcome was postoperative pain intensity measured with a validated scale. We assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane criteria and the quality of the included studies using Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. We used a random-effects model for meta-analysis. RESULTS: Eight studies involving 810 patients were included. The overall risk of bias was moderate. Seven of 8 studies used a visual analog scale to measure pain intensity. Compared with controls, intracanal cryotherapy significantly reduced postoperative pain at 6 (mean difference = -1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.61 to -2.14; P < .05; I2 = 76%; moderate-quality evidence) and 24 hours after the procedure (mean difference = -1.43; 95% confidence interval, -0.70 to -2.15; P < .05; I2 = 89%; moderate-quality evidence). There was no significant effect on pain at 48 and 72 hours and 7 days after the procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Moderate-quality evidence suggests that intracanal cryotherapy (ie, using cold saline irrigation as a final irrigant) significantly reduces the intensity of pain at 6 and 24 hours after root canal therapy. Future clinical trials assessing the effectiveness of intracanal cryotherapy are advocated. Crown