Update in cancer chemotherapy: genitourinary tract cancer, Part 4: Testicular cancer.

An update of the state of the art of cancer chemotherapeutic treatment of genitourinary tract cancer is described in this multi-part series: included are cancers of the kidney, bladder, prostate, testicle, ovary, uterus, vulva, and gestational trophoblastic neoplasms. Part 4 is a review of treatments for cancer of the testicles.Testicular cancer is highly curable and responds well to both surgery and chemotherapy. Patients with stage I and stage II nonseminomatous germ-cell tumors may be cured by surgery alone or in combination with chemotherapy. In patients with pathologic stage II disease, the use of adjuvant chemotherapy with two courses of platinum-based combination drugs has been successful in preventing relapse. Further refinements in management and research could banish the problem of testicular cancer.