Chalana M Sol1, Susana Santos1, Liesbeth Duijts1, Alexandros G Asimakopoulos2, Maria-Pilar Martinez-Moral3, Kurunthachalam Kannan4, Vincent W V Jaddoe1, Leonardo Trasande5. 1. The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. 2. Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY 12201, USA; Department of Chemistry, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway. 3. Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY 12201, USA. 4. Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY 12201, USA; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. 5. Department of Paediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, NY 10016, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, NY 10016, USA; Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA; New York University Wagner School of Public Service, New York City, NY 10016, USA; New York University College of Global Public Health, New York City, NY 10016, USA. Electronic address: Leonardo.Trasande@nyulangone.org.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fetal exposure to endocrine disruptors such as phthalates and bisphenols may lead to developmental metabolic adaptations. We examined associations of maternal phthalate and bisphenol urine concentrations during pregnancy with lipids, insulin, and glucose concentrations at school age. METHODS: In a population-based, prospective cohort study among 757 mother-child pairs, we measured maternal phthalate and bisphenol urine concentrations in first, second and third trimester of pregnancy. We measured non-fasting lipids, glucose and insulin blood concentrations of their children at a mean age of 9.7 (standard deviation 0.2) years. Analyses were performed for boys and girls separately. RESULTS: An interquartile range (IQR) higher natural log transformed third trimester maternal urine phthalic acid concentration was associated with a 0.20 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07-0.34) standard deviation score (SDS) higher triglycerides concentration among boys. Maternal bisphenol urine concentrations were not associated with non-fasting lipid concentrations during childhood. An IQR higher natural log transformed second trimester maternal high molecular weight phthalates (HMWP) and di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) urine concentration were associated with a 0.19 (95% CI 0.31-0.07) respectively 0.18 (95% CI 0.31-0.06) SDS lower glucose concentration among boys. An IQR higher natural log transformed third trimester maternal bisphenol F urine concentration was associated with a 0.22 (95% CI 0.35-0.09) SDS lower non-fasting insulin concentration among boys. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest potential persisting sex specific effects of fetal exposure to phthalates and bisphenols on childhood lipid concentrations and glucose metabolism. Future studies are needed for replication and exploring underlying mechanisms.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fetal exposure to endocrine disruptors such as phthalates and bisphenols may lead to developmental metabolic adaptations. We examined associations of maternal phthalate and bisphenol urine concentrations during pregnancy with lipids, insulin, and glucose concentrations at school age. METHODS: In a population-based, prospective cohort study among 757 mother-child pairs, we measured maternal phthalate and bisphenol urine concentrations in first, second and third trimester of pregnancy. We measured non-fasting lipids, glucose and insulin blood concentrations of their children at a mean age of 9.7 (standard deviation 0.2) years. Analyses were performed for boys and girls separately. RESULTS: An interquartile range (IQR) higher natural log transformed third trimester maternal urine phthalic acid concentration was associated with a 0.20 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07-0.34) standard deviation score (SDS) higher triglycerides concentration among boys. Maternal bisphenol urine concentrations were not associated with non-fasting lipid concentrations during childhood. An IQR higher natural log transformed second trimester maternal high molecular weight phthalates (HMWP) and di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) urine concentration were associated with a 0.19 (95% CI 0.31-0.07) respectively 0.18 (95% CI 0.31-0.06) SDS lower glucose concentration among boys. An IQR higher natural log transformed third trimester maternal bisphenol F urine concentration was associated with a 0.22 (95% CI 0.35-0.09) SDS lower non-fasting insulin concentration among boys. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest potential persisting sex specific effects of fetal exposure to phthalates and bisphenols on childhood lipid concentrations and glucose metabolism. Future studies are needed for replication and exploring underlying mechanisms.
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