Kaitlin Shinn1, Martha Wetzel2, Nicholas P DeGroote3, Frank Keller3,4, Michael Briones3,4, James Felker5, Sharon Castellino3,4, Tamara P Miller3,4. 1. Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. 2. Biostatistics Core, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. 3. Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia. 4. Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. 5. Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) respiratory viral panel (RVP) testing is often used in evaluation of pediatric cancer patients with febrile neutropenia (FN), but correlation with adverse outcomes has not been well characterized. PROCEDURE: A retrospective cohort of all children ages 0-21 years with cancer admitted to Children's Healthcare of Atlanta for FN from January 2013 to June 2016 was identified. Patient demographic and clinical variables such as age, RVP results, length of stay (LOS), and deaths were abstracted. Relationship between RVP testing and positivity and LOS, highest temperature (Tmax), hypotension and intensive care unit (ICU) admission were compared using Wilcoxon rank sums, chi-square, or Fisher's exact tests adjusting for age, sex, bacteremia, and diagnosis. RESULTS: The 404 patients identified had 787 total FN admissions. RVPs were sent in 38% of admissions and were positive in 59%. Patients with RVPs sent were younger (median 5.5 vs 8.0 years, P < .0001) with higher Tmax (39.2° vs 39.1°, P = .016). The most common virus identified was rhinovirus/Enterovirus (61%). There were no significant differences in highest temperature or lowest blood pressure based on RVP positivity. Patients admitted to the ICU were more likely to have RVPs sent (odds ratio [OR] = 3.19, P < .002); however, neither having RVP testing nor RVP positivity were significantly associated with increased LOS or death. Coinfection with bacteremia and a respiratory virus was identified in 9.1% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: These data raise the question of the utility of sending potentially costly RVP testing as RVP positivity during febrile neutropenia does not impact LOS, degree of hypotension, or ICU admission.
BACKGROUND: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) respiratory viral panel (RVP) testing is often used in evaluation of pediatric cancerpatients with febrile neutropenia (FN), but correlation with adverse outcomes has not been well characterized. PROCEDURE: A retrospective cohort of all children ages 0-21 years with cancer admitted to Children's Healthcare of Atlanta for FN from January 2013 to June 2016 was identified. Patient demographic and clinical variables such as age, RVP results, length of stay (LOS), and deaths were abstracted. Relationship between RVP testing and positivity and LOS, highest temperature (Tmax), hypotension and intensive care unit (ICU) admission were compared using Wilcoxon rank sums, chi-square, or Fisher's exact tests adjusting for age, sex, bacteremia, and diagnosis. RESULTS: The 404 patients identified had 787 total FN admissions. RVPs were sent in 38% of admissions and were positive in 59%. Patients with RVPs sent were younger (median 5.5 vs 8.0 years, P < .0001) with higher Tmax (39.2° vs 39.1°, P = .016). The most common virus identified was rhinovirus/Enterovirus (61%). There were no significant differences in highest temperature or lowest blood pressure based on RVP positivity. Patients admitted to the ICU were more likely to have RVPs sent (odds ratio [OR] = 3.19, P < .002); however, neither having RVP testing nor RVP positivity were significantly associated with increased LOS or death. Coinfection with bacteremia and a respiratory virus was identified in 9.1% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: These data raise the question of the utility of sending potentially costly RVP testing as RVP positivity during febrile neutropenia does not impact LOS, degree of hypotension, or ICU admission.
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