Kuo-Chung Lan1,2, Hsin-Ju Chiang3, Tiao-Lai Huang4, Yu-Jie Chiou4, Te-Yao Hsu3, Yu-Che Ou3, Yao-Hsu Yang5,6,7. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung Hsiang, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. lankuochung@gmail.com. 2. Center for Menopause and Reproductive Medicine Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. lankuochung@gmail.com. 3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung Hsiang, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. 4. Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. 5. Department for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan. 6. Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan. 7. Center of Excellence for Chang Gung Research Datalink, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To study the association between paternal age and schizophrenia in offspring. METHODS: This report describes a nationwide population-based cohort study from 1997 to 2013. Data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database were utilized to answer the research question. A total of 17,649 offspring with schizophrenia were selected from 11 million offspring in the general population. Additionally, we established the offspring without schizophrenia as the comparison group by matching the study cohort by age, gender in a 1:4 ratio (n = 70,596). RESULTS: The median age at first presentation with schizophrenia was 20 years (interquartile range (IQR), 17 to 24). Comparison of the schizophrenia and non-schizophrenia groups indicated that father's age at birth (30.0 (IQR), 27 to 33 vs. 29.0 (IQR), 26 to 32 years), mother's age at birth (26.0 (IQR), 24 to 29 vs. 26.0 (IQR), 23 to 29 years), paternal schizophrenia (2.6% vs. 0.6%), and maternal schizophrenia (4.4% vs. 0.7%) were all significantly greater in the schizophrenia group. In addition, each 5-year increase in father's age increased the odds of being diagnosed with schizophrenia (model 1: aOR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.20, 1.24; model 2: aOR = 1.20; 95% CI 1.18, 1.23). Subgroup analysis showed that each 5-year increase in father's age increased the odds of being diagnosed with schizophrenia in male and female offspring, as well as in offspring of mothers and fathers with or without schizophrenia (aOR = 1.20 to 2.20, all p values < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study indicated that advanced paternal age increased the risk of schizophrenia in offspring. Offspring born to fathers older by 5-year increments were at heightened risk of schizophrenia.
PURPOSE: To study the association between paternal age and schizophrenia in offspring. METHODS: This report describes a nationwide population-based cohort study from 1997 to 2013. Data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database were utilized to answer the research question. A total of 17,649 offspring with schizophrenia were selected from 11 million offspring in the general population. Additionally, we established the offspring without schizophrenia as the comparison group by matching the study cohort by age, gender in a 1:4 ratio (n = 70,596). RESULTS: The median age at first presentation with schizophrenia was 20 years (interquartile range (IQR), 17 to 24). Comparison of the schizophrenia and non-schizophrenia groups indicated that father's age at birth (30.0 (IQR), 27 to 33 vs. 29.0 (IQR), 26 to 32 years), mother's age at birth (26.0 (IQR), 24 to 29 vs. 26.0 (IQR), 23 to 29 years), paternal schizophrenia (2.6% vs. 0.6%), and maternal schizophrenia (4.4% vs. 0.7%) were all significantly greater in the schizophrenia group. In addition, each 5-year increase in father's age increased the odds of being diagnosed with schizophrenia (model 1: aOR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.20, 1.24; model 2: aOR = 1.20; 95% CI 1.18, 1.23). Subgroup analysis showed that each 5-year increase in father's age increased the odds of being diagnosed with schizophrenia in male and female offspring, as well as in offspring of mothers and fathers with or without schizophrenia (aOR = 1.20 to 2.20, all p values < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study indicated that advanced paternal age increased the risk of schizophrenia in offspring. Offspring born to fathers older by 5-year increments were at heightened risk of schizophrenia.
Authors: Emma M Frans; John J McGrath; Sven Sandin; Paul Lichtenstein; Abraham Reichenberg; Niklas Långström; Christina M Hultman Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2011-10-14 Impact factor: 4.939
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Authors: Nan B Oldereid; Ulla-Britt Wennerholm; Anja Pinborg; Anne Loft; Hannele Laivuori; Max Petzold; Liv Bente Romundstad; Viveca Söderström-Anttila; Christina Bergh Journal: Hum Reprod Update Date: 2018-05-01 Impact factor: 15.610