Jordan Lynch1,2,3, Lexiao Jin4,5,6, Andre Richardson4,5,7, Daniel J Conklin4,5,7,8,9. 1. Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA. jordan.finch@louisville.edu. 2. Diabetes & Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA. jordan.finch@louisville.edu. 3. University of Louisville American Heart Association - Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. jordan.finch@louisville.edu. 4. Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA. 5. Diabetes & Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA. 6. Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. 7. University of Louisville American Heart Association - Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. 8. Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. 9. Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Tobacco smoking is the most significant modifiable risk factor in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Exposure to mainstream cigarette smoke (MCS) is associated with CVD through the development of endothelial dysfunction, a condition characterized by an imbalance of vasoactive factors in the vasculature. This dysfunction is thought to be induced in part by aldehydes generated at high levels in MCS. RECENT FINDINGS: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) may also pose CVD risk. Although the health effects of e-cigs are still largely unknown, the presence of aldehydes in e-cig aerosol suggests that e-cigs may induce adverse cardiovascular outcomes similar to those seen with MCS exposure. Herein, we review studies of traditional and emerging tobacco product use, shared harmful and potentially harmful constituents, and measures of biomarkers of harm (endothelial dysfunction) to examine a potential and distinct role of aldehydes in cardiovascular harm associated with cigarette and e-cig use.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Tobacco smoking is the most significant modifiable risk factor in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Exposure to mainstream cigarette smoke (MCS) is associated with CVD through the development of endothelial dysfunction, a condition characterized by an imbalance of vasoactive factors in the vasculature. This dysfunction is thought to be induced in part by aldehydes generated at high levels in MCS. RECENT FINDINGS: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) may also pose CVD risk. Although the health effects of e-cigs are still largely unknown, the presence of aldehydes in e-cig aerosol suggests that e-cigs may induce adverse cardiovascular outcomes similar to those seen with MCS exposure. Herein, we review studies of traditional and emerging tobacco product use, shared harmful and potentially harmful constituents, and measures of biomarkers of harm (endothelial dysfunction) to examine a potential and distinct role of aldehydes in cardiovascular harm associated with cigarette and e-cig use.
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