| Literature DB >> 32838492 |
Yang Wang1, Xiaobin Yuan1, Jiayan Xiong1, Zhidong Hao1, Xingzhe Peng1, Wanlin Chen1, Lingling Cui1, Hua Li1, Xiulan Wang1, Xiangbo He1, Min Yang1, Congxin Liang1, Yongbin Ma1, Lieming Ding1, Li Mao1.
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies with the highest incidence rate and mortality rate worldwide, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85%. Only 5% NSCLC patients are anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement positive NSCLC, but the prognosis of these patients is poor, and treatment is urgent. Ensartinib (X-396), a next-generation ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (ALK-TKI), has shown greater potency on inhibiting ALK activity and controlling brain metastases than crizotinib, which is indicated for the treatment of crizotinib-resistant, ALK-positive NSCLC patients. Several phase I to III clinical trials included both healthy volunteers and NSCLC patients have been conducted both in China and abroad. In this review, we briefly summarized the results of these trials, and preliminary efficacy, safety, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of ensartinib were discussed.Entities:
Keywords: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase tyrosine kinase inhibitor; Clinical studies; Ensartinib; Lung noplasms
Mesh:
Substances:
Year: 2020 PMID: 32838492 PMCID: PMC7467989 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.102.34
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi ISSN: 1009-3419
恩沙替尼及同类药的作用靶点
Targets of ensatinib and similar drugs
| ALK-TKI | Targets | IC50 or Ki * (nmol/L) | Ref. |
| ALK-TKI: anaplastic lymphoma kinase-tyrosine kinase inhibitor; IC50: 50% inhibitory concentration; EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; *Ki and IC50 values by | |||
| Ensartinib |
| 1.7 |
[ |
| Crizotinib |
| 0.69* |
[ |
| Ceritinib |
| 0.15 |
[ |
| Alectinib |
| 1.9 |
[ |
| Brigatinib |
| 0.6 |
[ |
| Lorlatinib |
| 1.3 |
[ |
盐酸恩沙替尼胶囊已开展的临床研究
Clinical study progression for ensartinib
| Clinicaltrials ID | Study title | Country | Sample size | Primary outcome |
| RECIST: Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors; MTD: maximum tolerated dose; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer; DLT: dose limited toxicity; RP2D: recommended phase 2 dose; PK: pharmacokinetic; ORR: objective response rate; iORR: intracranial objective response rate; PFS: progression-free survival. | ||||
| NCT01625234 | Phase 1/2 study of X-396, an oral alk inhibitor, in patients with ALK-positive NSCLC | U.S. | 97 | MTD |
| NCT02959619 | Ensartinib in NSCLC patients with positive ALK | China | 22 | MTD, DLT, RP2D |
| NCT03510611 | A study to investigate the food effect on the pharmacokinetics of ensartinib capsules in Chinese healthy volunteers | China | 24 | PKparameters, including Tmax, Cmax, AUC0-t, AUC0-∞, λz, T1/2 |
| NCT03536481 | Bioequivalency study of ensartinib capsules in healthy volunteers | China | 74 | PK parameters, including Cmax, AUC0-t, AUC0-∞, Tmax, T1/2, λz |
| NCT03804541 | The absorption, metabolism and excretion of [14C]ensartinib in human | China | 6 | PK parameters, cumulative drug excretion, metabolite identification |
| NCT03215693 | X-396 capsule in patients with ALK-positive NSCLC previously treated with crizotinib | China | 160 | ORR per RECIST 1.1 based on independent radiology review |
| NCT03753685 | X-396 (Ensartinib) capsules in ALK-positive NSCLC patients with brain metastases | China | 27 | iORR based on investigator assessment according to RNAO-BM |
| NCT03213652 | Ensartinib in treating patients with relapsed or refractory advanced solid tumors, non-hodgkin lymphoma, or histiocytic disorders with | U.S. | 98 | ORR |
| NCT02767804 | eXalt3: study comparing X-396 (Ensartinib) to Crizotinib in ALK positive NSCLC patients | Global | 360 | PFS assessed by independent radiology review based on RECIST v.1.1 |
恩沙替尼和同类药治疗ALK阳性NSCLC的疗效
Efficacy of Ensatinib and similar drugs in the treatment of ALK-positive NSCLC
| Drug | ORR | DCR | mPFS (mon) | DOR (mon) | iORR | iDCR | |
| DCR: disease control rate; mPFS: median progression-free survival; DOR: duration of response; iDCR: intracranial disease control rate; NA: not available; NR: not reached. | |||||||
| Second-line therapy | |||||||
| Ensartinib | NCT01625234 | 69.0% | 96.6% | 9.0 | 7.4 | 62.5% | 100.0% |
| NCT03215693 | 52.0% | 93.0% | 9.6 | NA | 70.0% | 98.0% | |
| Ceritinib | ASCEND-1 | 56.0% | 74.2% | 6.9 | 8.3 | 36.0% | 61.0% |
| ASCEND-2 | 38.6% | 77.1% | 5.7 | 9.7 | 45.0% | 80.0% | |
| Alectinib | NP28761 | 48.0% | 80.0% | 8.1 | 13.5 | 75.0% | 89.0% |
| NP28673 | 50.0% | 79.0% | 8.9 | 11.2 | 57.0% | 83.0% | |
| AF-002JG | 55.0% | 90.0% | NA | NA | 52.0% | 90.0% | |
| Brigatinib | NCT01449461 | 62.0% | NA | 13.4 | NA | 50.0% | NA |
| ALTA (90 mg) | 45.0% | 82.0% | 9.2 | 13.8 | 42.0% | 85.0% | |
| ALTA (90 mg→180 mg) | 54.0% | 86.0% | 12.9 | 11.1 | 67.0% | 83.0% | |
| Lorlatinib | NCT01970865 | 39.0%-73.0% | NA | NA | 7-NR | 46.0%-68.0% | NA |
| First-line therapy | |||||||
| Ensartinib | NCT01625234 | 80.0% | 86.7% | 26.2 | 24.4 | 100.0% | 100.0% |
| Crizotinib | PROFILE 1014/1029 | 74.0%-87.5% | 91.2% | 10.9-11.1 | 11.3 | NA | NA |
| PROFILE 1005/1007 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 18.0%-33.0% | 56.0%-62.0% | |
| Ceritinib | ASCEND-1 | 72.0% | 89.0% | 18.4 | 17.0 | 63.0% | 63.0% |
| Alectinib | ALEX | 82.9% | 88.8% | 25.7 | NR | 85.7% | NA |
| Brigatinib | ALTA-1L | 71.0% | NA | NR | NR | 78.0% | NA |
1克唑替尼常见不良反应
Common adverse reaction for crizotinib. AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase.
2恩沙替尼及其同类药常见不良反应
Common adverse reaction for second- and third-generation ALK inhibitors. Cr: creatinine; CK: creatine kinase; GGT: γ-glutamyl transpeptadase.