Aditi Bhattacharya1, Sumedha Saluja1, Vishwanath Managuli2,3, Sandeep Agrawal1,4, Devanjan Dey1, Bhavuk Garg5, Mohammed Tahir Ansari5, Sitikantha Roy2, Sudip Sen6. 1. Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India. 2. Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India. 3. Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India. 4. Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, 229405, India. 5. Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India. 6. Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India. sudipsen665@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Colon cancer cells can migrate and metastasize by undergoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are non-cancerous, multipotent adult stem cells, which can also migrate. In this study, we wanted to compare the biological, physical, and functional properties of these migratory cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HT-29 and HCT-116, two human colon carcinoma cell lines, represent less aggressive and more aggressive cancer cells, respectively. MSCs were isolated from human bone marrow. After confirming the identity of all the cell types, they were evaluated for E-cadherin, β1-integrin, Vimentin, ZEB-1, β-catenin, and 18S rRNA using Q-PCR. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity were evaluated using gelatin zymography. Functional tests like wound healing assay, migration assay, and invasion assay were also done. Biomechanical properties like cell stiffness and non-specific adhesion (between indenter probe and cell membrane) were evaluated through nanoindentation using atomic force microscopy (AFM). RESULTS: Expression of EMT and stem cell markers showed typical expression patterns for HT-29, HCT-116, and MSCs. Functional tests showed that MSCs migrated faster than malignant cells. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity reinforced this behavior. Interestingly, the migration/invasion capacity of MSCs was comparable to aggressive HCT-116, and more than HT-29. MSCs also showed the maximum cell stiffness and non-specific cell-probe adhesions, followed by HCT116 and HT29 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that the migratory properties of MSCs is comparable or even greater than that of cancer cells and despite their high migration potential, they also have the maximum stiffness.
BACKGROUND: Colon cancer cells can migrate and metastasize by undergoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are non-cancerous, multipotent adult stem cells, which can also migrate. In this study, we wanted to compare the biological, physical, and functional properties of these migratory cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HT-29 and HCT-116, two human colon carcinoma cell lines, represent less aggressive and more aggressive cancer cells, respectively. MSCs were isolated from human bone marrow. After confirming the identity of all the cell types, they were evaluated for E-cadherin, β1-integrin, Vimentin, ZEB-1, β-catenin, and 18S rRNA using Q-PCR. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity were evaluated using gelatin zymography. Functional tests like wound healing assay, migration assay, and invasion assay were also done. Biomechanical properties like cell stiffness and non-specific adhesion (between indenter probe and cell membrane) were evaluated through nanoindentation using atomic force microscopy (AFM). RESULTS: Expression of EMT and stem cell markers showed typical expression patterns for HT-29, HCT-116, and MSCs. Functional tests showed that MSCs migrated faster than malignant cells. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity reinforced this behavior. Interestingly, the migration/invasion capacity of MSCs was comparable to aggressive HCT-116, and more than HT-29. MSCs also showed the maximum cell stiffness and non-specific cell-probe adhesions, followed by HCT116 and HT29 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that the migratory properties of MSCs is comparable or even greater than that of cancer cells and despite their high migration potential, they also have the maximum stiffness.
Authors: M Pachenari; S M Seyedpour; M Janmaleki; S Babazadeh Shayan; S Taranejoo; H Hosseinkhani Journal: J Biomech Date: 2013-11-25 Impact factor: 2.712
Authors: V Palmieri; D Lucchetti; A Maiorana; M Papi; G Maulucci; F Calapà; G Ciasca; R Giordano; A Sgambato; M De Spirito Journal: Soft Matter Date: 2015-07-28 Impact factor: 3.679